Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/918

 2. Cristispira anodontae (Keysselitz, 1906) Gross, 1912. (Spirochaeta anodontae Keysselitz, Arb. a. d. kaiserl. Gesundheits- amte, 23, 1906, 566; Gross, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 65, 1912, 900.) a.no.don'tae. Gr. adj. anodus, anodontis toothless; M.L. noun Anodonta a genus of molluscs; M.L. gen. noun anodontae of Ano- donta. Large, spiral -shaped cells, 0.8 to 1.2 by 44 to 88 microns, with sharply pointed ends. Average spiral width: 2 microns; average wave length: 8 microns; average number of complete turns: from 5 to 11. The cells are flattened and possess an undulating mem- brane; the periplast is fibrillar in appear- ance, and there is a dark granule at each end of the undulating membrane. Chro- matin material is distributed in the form of globules or elongated bands. Habitat: Found in the crystalline styles of fresh-water mussels {Anodonta cygnea and A. mutabilis); also found in the intes- tinal tracts of oysters. 3. Cristispira pinnae (Gonder, 1908) Zuelzer, 1912. (Spirochaete pinnae Gonder, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 47, 1908, 491; Zuelzer, Verhandl. d. VIII Internat. Zool.- Kongres. zu Graz (August, 1910), Jena, 1912 (January), 433.) pin'nae. Gr. noun pinna a kind of mussel; M.L. fem.n. Pinna a genus of mussels; M.L. gen. noun pinnae of Pinna. Spiral-shaped cells, 0.5 to 3.0 by 10 to 60 microns, with blunt ends, the one end being slightly more pointed than the other; round in section. A ridge or comb is evident along one side, but there are no terminal fila- ments; cross striations are distinct. Possess undulating membranes. Chromatin granules are grouped in fours. Source: From the intestinal canal of a scallop {Pecten jacohaeus). Habitat: Found in the crystalline styles of molluscs. FAMILY II. TREPONEMATACEAE ROBINSON, 1948. {Treponemidae, incorrectly attributed to Schaudinn by Castellani and Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med., 3rded., 1919, 454; Mzcrospz/ocAaeiaceae Gieszczykiewicz, Bull. Acad. Polonaise Sci. et Lett., Ser. B (1), 1939, 24; Treponemataceae, incorrectly attributed to Schaudinn by Robinson, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 1058.) Tre.po.ne.ma.ta'ce.ae. M.L. neut.n. Treponema type genus of the family; -aceae ending to denote a family; M.L. fern. pi. n. Treponemataceae the Treponema family. Coarse or slender spirals, 4 to 16 microns in length; longer forms are due to incomplete or delayed division. The spirals are regular or irregular and flexible or comparatively rigid. The protoplasm possesses no obvious structural features. Some cells may show ter- minal filaments. Some cells are visible only with dark-field illumination. Many of these organisms can be cultivated. With few exceptions, parasitic in vertebrates. Some are path- ogenic. Key to the genera of family Treponemataceae. I. Stains easily with ordinary aniline dyes. Genus I. Borrelia, p. 897. II. Stain with difficulty except with Giemsa's stain or silver impregnation. A. Anaerobic. Genus II. Treponema, p. 904. B. Aerobic. Genus III. Leptospira, p. 907.