Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/903

 571) found it on rotten wood from Ceylon; also found by Thaxter (Bot. Gaz., 17, 1892; 23, 1897, 395) on old wood, fungi and on antelope dung from Africa. Quehl (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 16, 1906, 9) found it on dung from Java, and the Krzemieniewskis (Bull. Intern. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 1-10, Serie B (I), 1946, 42) report it from decayed wood in Poland. Illustrations: Berkeley and Broome {op. cit., 1873, PI. 4, Fig. 16), Kalchbrenner and Cooke (Australian Fungi, Grevillea, 9, 1880, 23), Thaxter (op. cit., 1892, Pis. 23 and 24, Figs. 12-19 and 25-28), Zukal (Ber. d. deutsch. bot. Ges., H, 1896, PI. 20), Quehl (op. cit., 1906, PI. 1, Fig. 10), Jahn (Beitrage zur bot. Protistologie. I, Die Polyangiden. Geb. Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1924, Fig. V, page 57; Fig. W, page 59) and Krzemieniew- ski (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, J^, 1926, PI. V, Figs. 57-60). 3. Chondroinyces brunneus Krzemie- niewska and Krzemieniewski, 1946. (Chon- dromyces aurantiacus var. frutescens Krze- mieniewska and Krzemieniewski, Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 5, 1927, 96; Krzemieniewska and Krzemieniewski, Bull. Intern. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 1-10, Serie B (I), 1946, 44.) brun'ne.us. M.L. adj. brunneus dark, brown. Vegetative cells: Rods 0.6 to 0.7 by 5.0 to 10.0 microns. Fruiting bodies: The fruiting bodies de- velop out of a greenish, later yellowish, mass of rods in the form of a group of thick stalks with a common base, each stalk bear- ing numerous terminal cysts. The cj'sts are ellipsoidal or spherical, 28 to 83 by 37 to 102 microns. At first orange in color, the cysts rapidly turn dark chestnut-brown and, in the dried state, almost black. In some cases the stalks persist through maturation of the cysts; at other times they shrink as the cysts darken and eventually deposit the latter on the sul)strate. Resting cells in the cysts are 0.9 to 1.0 by 2.0 to 3.5 microns. Source: Isolated from soil from Poland. Habitat: Found on deca3ang organic mat- ter in soil. Illustrations: Krzemieniewska and Krze- mieniewski {op. cit., 1927, PI. VI, Figs. 27- 35; op. cit., 1946, PI. 1, Figs. 9 and 10). 4. Chondromyces cylindricus Krze- mieniewska and Krzemieniewski, 1930. (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 7, 1930, 260.) cy.lin'dri.cus. Gr. adj. cylindricus cylin- drical. Vegetative cells : Rods with tapering ends, 0.5 to 0.8 by 6.0 to 11.0 microns. Fruiting bodies : Numerous cysts in spher- ical clusters set on thick, straight stalks which, slightly towards the tip, are colorless or j-ellow-orange and which average 200 microns in height. The cysts are ellipsoidal or elongated, mostly thick cylinders with rounded ends; orange, later becoming orange-red in color. When young they are attached to the stalk by thin pedicels about 30 microns in length but later become sessile on the stalk. Cysts are 20 to 30 by 30 to 90 microns. The resting cells within them are 0.7 to 1.0 by 2.0 to 4.0 microns. Cultivation: Maintained in culture by the Krzemieniewskis on boiled rabbit dung for fifteen j^ears. Cysts capable of germina- tion within a week, after maintenance in the resting state for eight years. Source: Isolated from Polish soil. Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- ter in soil. Illustrations: Krzemieniewska and Krze- mieniewski {ibid., PI. XVII, Fig. 18; also see Bull. Intern. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 1-10, Serie B (I), 1946, PI. 1, Figs. 18, 21 and 22) . 5. Chondromyces apiculatus Thaxter, 1897. (Bot. Gaz., 23, 1897, 405.) a.pi.cu.la'tus. L. noun apex, apicis point, top, cap; M.L. adj. apiculatus having a small point. Vegetative cells: Rods 1 by 3 to 20 mi- crons. Does not grow as well on nutrient agar as Chondromyces crocatus and produces cj^sts and cystophores rarely. Cultivated on dung. Kofler states rods are 3 to 5 microns in length. Fruiting bodies: Cysts of variable form, cylindrical to broadly turnip-shaped, usu- ally with basal and apical appendages, the latter longer and pointed, bright orange, 28 by 35 microns. Cysts united in a single, spherical, terminal head about 200 microns in diameter. Stalk rigid, stiff, seldom branched, to 1 mm high, colorless, longitudi- nally striate.