Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/897

 o.chra'ce.um. Gr. noun ochra yellow ochre; M.L. adj. ochraceus of the color of yellow ochre. Vegetative cells: Not described. Fruiting bodies: Orange to light red in the form of a single spherical or ellipsoidal cyst 60 to 80 by 50 to 130 microns, each with a thick, yellow-brown membrane. The cyst content often (particularh- in the ellipsoidal cysts) is constricted by the membrane which penetrates deeply. From the side the cyst appears to be divided. Rods in cj^sts meas- ure 0.5 by 4.0 to 8.0 microns. Source: Grown on sterilized rabbit dung on soil (Poland). Illustrations: Krzemieniewski (ibid., PI. V, Figs. 50-51). 8. Polyangiuin fuscum (Schroeter, 1886) Thaxter, 1904. {Cystobader fiiscus Schroeter, in Cohn, Kryptogamenflora v. Schlesien, 3, 1, 1886, 170; Thaxter, Bot. Gaz., 37, 1904, 414.) fus'cum. L. adj. fuscus dark, tawny. Vegetative cells: Rods slender, elongate, 0.6 by 5.0 to 12 microns. Grows readily on agar, also on dung agar. Baur states rods are 15 to 20 microns in length. Fruiting bodies: Cysts flesh-colored when young, chestnut-brown when ripe, spher- ical, about 60 microns (Thaxter, 50 to 150 by 50 to 70 microns) in diameter, with defi- nite membrane, lying in considerable num- bers in large sori, usually 30 to 40 sometimes up to 100. The slime envelope is much more delicate and evanescent than that in P. vi- tellinum. Occasionall}^ a form is found with cysts measuring 100 microns: under these often lie kidney-shaped cysts even 150 mi- crons in length; apparently a variety. Rods in cysts about 0.8 to 1.5by 3.0 to 3.5 microns. Cysts (Baur) on dung decoction break in 10 to 12 hours, and rods pour out, apparently passively at first. P. juscuyn var. velatum Krzemieniewski differs from the type in that the membrane is thin, separated from cysts and folded. Source: Isolated from rabbit dung from southern California. Kofler (Sitzber. d. kais. Akad. wiss. Wien. math.-nat. Klasse, 122 Abt., 1913, 845) also found it on rabbit dung from Vienna. Jahn (Beitrage zur bot. Protistologie. I, Die Polyangiden. Geb. Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1924) states that it is common on dung; it also occurs on decay- ing lichens and on poplar bark which is kept moist. Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- ter in soil and in the dung of various ani- mals. Quite common in Polish soils ac- cording to Krzemieniewski (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 5, 1927). Illustrations: Thaxter (Bot. Gaz., 23, 1897, PI. 31, Figs. 37-39), Baur (Arch. Pro- tistenkunde, 5, 1905, PI. 4, Figs. 14, 15 and 17), Quehl (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 16, 1906, PI. 1, Figs. 8 and 16), Jahn {op. cit., 1924, PI. 2, Fig. 12; also Fig. A, page 9) and Krze- mieniewski (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 4, 1926, 34, PI. IV, Figs. 42-43; also var. vela- tum, PI. IV, Figs. 44-46). 9. Polyangiuin aureuni Krzemieniew- ska and Krzemieniewski, 1930. (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 7, 1930, 255.) au're.um. L. adj. aureus golden. Separated from Pohjangium morula on the basis of pigmentation. Vegetative cells : Straight rods of uniform diameter; rounded ends, 0.7 to 0.9 by 2.8 to 5.3 microns. Fruiting body: Cysts reddish brown, var- iable in number, embedded in yellow slime to form a sorus with a common slime en- velope. Cysts nearly spherical or slightly elongate, averaging 32 by 37 microns. Cyst wall orange-yellow, about 3 microns thick. Older cysts contain shortened rods, a gran- ular mass and a colorless or yellowish ole- aginous liquid. Habitat: Soil. Illustrations: Krzemieniewski {ibid., PI. XVII, Figs. 14-17). 10. Polyangium stellatum Kofler, 1913. (Sitzber. d. kais. Akad. wiss. Wien, math.- nat. Klasse, Abt. I, 122, 1913, 19.) stel.la'tum. L. part. adj. stellatus set with stars, stellate. Vegetative cells: Not described. Fruiting bodies: Cysts elongate, 80 to 120 by 160 to 200 microns, flesh-colored when young, brownish red when old; star-shaped with 2 to 9 rays fixed by the narrowed base upon a kind of hypothallus. Source: Found on hare dung from Vienna. Illustrations: Kofler {ibid., PI. ?, Fig. 6).