Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/894

 envelope, about 10 to 15 cysts in a mass. Rods in the cj'sts about 3 microns in length. Source : Isolated from verj' wet wood and bark in swamps in Maine and Belmont, Mass. (Thaxter, loc. cit.). Also found on old wood lying in moist ditches, on old pop- lar bark which was kept in a moist dish and on rabbit dung. Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- ter in soil and in the dung of various ani- mals. Jahn (Beitrage zur bot. Protistologie. I, Die Polyangiden. Geb. Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1924) states that it is not common. Illustrations: Thaxter (op. cit., 17, 1892, PI. 25, Figs. 34-36), Zukal (Ber. d. deutsch. Bot. Ges., 15, 1897, 542, PL 27, Figs. 6-10) and Jahn (Kryptogamenflora d. Mark Bran- denburg, V, Pilze I, Lief 2, 1911, 199, Fig. 3; also see op. cit., 1924, 77 and PL II, Fig. 13). 2. Polyangium minus Krzemieniewski, 1926. (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 4, 1926, 33.) mi'nus. L. comp.adj. minor less, smaller. Vegetative cells: Rods 0.4 to 0.6 by 3.0 to 7.0 microns. Fruiting bodies: Cyst masses commonly cover the substrate to an area of 0.5 sq. mm. Cysts are spherical or ellipsoidal, small, 20 to 80 by 20 to 50 microns, light rose in color, becoming brownish, embedded in a trans- parent colorless slime. Cyst membrane light colored, relatively thick, 0.5 to 1.0 micron, transparent, revealing the contents. Rods in cyst 0.8 to 1.0 by 1.3 to 2.0 microns. Source: Isolated from rabbit dung which was sterilized and placed on soil (Poland). Relativelj^ slow in appearance, only after many days. Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- ter in soil and in the dung of various ani- mals. Rather rare. Illustrations: Krzemieniewski (ibid., PL IV, Fig. 47-48; PL V, Fig. 49). 3. Polyangium luteum Krzemieniewski, 1927. (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 5, 1927, 98.) lu'te.um. L. adj. luteus saffron- or golden yellow. Vegetative cells: Not described. Fruiting bodies: Golden j-ellow, consist- ing of a few cysts surrounded by a common, bright yellow, very thick slime wall. The cysts have colorless, thin walls. Rods 0.7 to 0.8 by 3.8 to 5.8 microns. Source: Grown from soil on rabbit dung. Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- ter in soil and in the dung of various ani- mals. Illustrations: Krzemieniewski (ibid., PL V, Figs. 22-23). 4. Polyangium morula Jahn, 1911. (Kryptogamenflora der Mark Brandenburg, V, Pilze I, 1911, 202.) mo'ru.la. Gr. noun mora the black mul- berry; L. dim. noun moniZo a small mulberry. Vegetative cells: Not described. Fruiting bodies: Cysts bright yellow, closely packed into a mulberr5'-shaped sorus; cysts with thick membrane (3 mi- crons), often made polj-gonal by pressure, 20 to 35 microns, bound together by slime. The whole sorus is 100 to 200 microns broad. Rods in cysts about 3 microns in length. Jahn states he has not studied fresh cysts. In the older cysts the rods are difficult to observe. Source: Observed only once on rabbit dung. Illustration: Jahn (Beitrage zur bot. Protistologie. I, Die Polyangiden, Geb. Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1924, PL 2, Fig. 21). 5. Polyangium cellulosum Imsenecki and Solntzeva, 1936*. (On aerobic cellulose- decomposing bacteria. Akademiia Nauk, Leningrad, Isvestiia, 1936, 1115; English summary, 1168.) cel.lu.lo'sum. M.L. noun cellulosum cellu- lose. Vegetative cells: Thick, bent rods with rounded ends, 0.8 to 1 .2 by 3.5 to 8.5 microns. Fruiting body: Rods at center of the col- ony are non-motile, forming large orange aggregates, and are shorter than those at the margin: 0.7 to 0.9 by 3.4 to 5.6 microns. Later a concentration of cells occurs. The rods come closer together to form rounded or ellipsoidal aggregates from which cysts become delimited. The cysts are orange in color, 8 to 24 microns, average 20 to 25 mi- crons in diameter. In addition to bacterial cells, droplets of fat, 1.5 to 3.5 microns, are Translated from the original by E. V. Prostov, Iowa State College Library, Ames, Iowa.