Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/855

 is easily detached and falls to the bottom at the slightest disturbance. When growth is rapid and motility strong, a homogeneous turbidity is produced. Growth not appreciably quicker at 25° to 27° C. than at 18° to 20° C; growth re- tarded at 32° C. Source: Isolated from an infusion of cow dung from Cambridge, England. Habitat: Found in cow dung and decaying plant material. 2. Lineola articulata Pringsheim, 1950. (Lineola articulata {nomen nudum) Prings- heim, Bact. Rev., IS, 1949, 72; Pringsheim, Jour. Gen. Microbiology, ^, 1950, 198.) ar.ti.cu.la'ta. L. part. adj. articulatus jointed. Rods 1.4 to 1.6 by 10 to 50 (mostly 30 to 40) microns, coenocj'tic in appearance. Pe- ritrichous. Trichomes are motile, flexuous at the joints connecting the individual rods and attain a length of up to 160 microns. Branching is rather frequent, the branches being at times so long as to be indistinguish- able from the main trichome. The branches appear to be unattached to the main axis and no more than two are found at one joint. Cell division occurs by constriction with a subsequent formation of cross-walls. In the absence of fatty acids multiplication does not occur. Non-sporeforming. Gram-nega- tive. Acetate peptone yeast extract agar col- onies: Large and curly with wavy or lobed edges. Small colonies are iridescent, resem- bling mother-of-pearl. Young growths ap- pear as irregularly undulating, snake-like threads which develop into small, narrow, elongated colonies; later these become V-, X- or Y-shaped and develop into increas- ingly regular patches. Agar stab : Growth on or near the surface. Broth: Usually filled with evenly distrib- uted, rarely non-motile trichomes; settling occurs only in ageing cultures. Growth not appreciably quicker at 25° to 27° C. than at 18° to 20° C; growth not retarded at 32° C. Source: Isolated from water with plant debris from the New Forest. Habitat: Found in water and in nature where plant material is decaying. Genus III. Simonsiella Schmid, 1922. (Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 504.) Si.mon.si.el'la. Named for Hellmuth Simons, who studied the species in this genus; M.L. dim. ending -ella; M.L. fem.n. Simonsiella a generic name. Cells occur in short to long chains which are usually divided into segments. Each segment normally contains four cells or four cell pairs, occasionally double this number. The end cells are small and rounded. Non-motile. Harmless saprophytes in the buccal cavities of healthy persons and domestic animals. The type species is Simonsiella muelleri Schmid. 1. Simonsiella muelleri Schmid, 1922. (Scheibenbakterien, Miiller, Miinchen. med. Wochnschr., 58, 1911, 227; Simonsiella Mul- leri (sic) Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 504.) muel'le.ri. M.L. gen. noun muelleri of Miiller; named for Reiner Miiller, a German bacteriologist. Cells, 0.4 to 0.7 by 2.0 to 3.0 microns, ar- ranged side by side in chains. Chains, 2.0 to 3.2 by 3.0 to 16.0 microns, with rounded ends, divided into segments which contain four cells or four cell pairs, sometimes dou- ble this number. Miiller (op. cit., 1911, 227) reported dark granules in the middle of each segment, but Simons (op. cit., 1922, 507) maintains that these "granules" are merely artifacts. Non-motile. Stains very weakly with safranin. Saprophytic. Habitat: Found in normal buccal cavities. 2. Simonsiella crassa Schmid, 1922. (Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 509.) cras'sa. L. adj. crassus thick.