Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/721

 and waxy, off-white to cream-colored (Gordon and Smith). Glycerol potato: Poor growth. Broth: Thin ring pellicle; broth clear. Milk not coagulated. Milk agar plate: No hydrolysis of casein (Gordon and Smith). Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced (Penso et al.). Hydrogen sulfide production vari- able (Gordon and Smith, unpublished data). Acid from glucose, mannose, trehalose and occasionally mannitol. No acid from rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, sor- bitol, inositol, dulcitol, lactose or raffinose. Maltose hydrolyzed by only one culture (Gordon and Smith). Starch is hydrolyzed (Gordon and Smith). Succinate and malate used as sole sources of carbon; citrate used by all but one culture (Gordon and Smith). Tyrosine not decomposed (Gordon and Smith). Benzoate not utilized (Gordon and Smith). Nitrites usuallj^ produced from nitrates. Temperature relations: Growth at 28° to 35° C.; variable at 10° C.; most cultures grow at 40° C.; growth, if any, scant at 45° C. Does not survive 60° C. for 4 hours (Gordon and Smith). Salt tolerance: Usually growth in broth containing 5 per cent NaCl; usually none in 7 per cent (Gordon and Smith). Pathogenicity: Guinea pigs, rabbits and mice resistant to massive doses of j^oung cultures (Cruz). Local lesions produced in lymph glands and kidneys of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, monkeys and calves (Penso et al.). Source : Several strains were isolated from lymph glands of cattle by F. D. Minett, from human abscesses by Cruz, from a systemic, nodular infection of Gia by Darzins. Habitat: Found in soil and infections of humans, cattle and cold-blooded animals. 4. Mycobacterium niarinum Aronson, 1926. (Jour. Inf. Dis., 39, 1926, 315.) ma.ri'num. L. adj. marinus of the sea, marine. In lesions, short, thick, uniformly staining organisms are seen frequently occurring in clumps, while long, thin, beaded or barred rods are scattered more discretely. In cul- tures the organisms have the same appear- ance. Non-motile. Acid-fast and acid-al- cohol-fast. Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Agar slant (slightly acid) : In five to seven days, moist, glistening, elevated colonies, becoming lemon-yellow. Agar colonies: In 5 to 7 days, smooth, moist, slimy, lemon-yellow, later orange- colored. Glycerol agar colonies: In 14 to 18 days, grayish white, moist, elevated with irregular margins. Old growths lemon-yellow and still later orange-colored. Dorset's and Petroff's egg media: Similar to growth on glycerol agar but more luxuriant. Broth and glycerol broth: Growth is dif- fuse; no pellicle formed. Litmus milk: Acidified and coagulated. Indole not produced. Arabinose and fructose are utilized; sor- bitol and galactose are not utilized (Gordon, Jour. Bact., 34, 1937, 617) Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 18 and 20° C. Fails to survive 60° C. for 1 hour; fails to grow at 45° C. (Gordon, Jour. Bact., 34, 1937, 617). Pathogenicity: Experimentally infects salt-water fish, goldfish, frogs, mice and pigeons but not rabbits or guinea pigs. Source: Isolated from areas of focal ne- crosis of the liver of sergeant majors (Abri- defduf mauritii), croakers {Micropogon undulatus) and sea bass (Centropristes striatus) . Habitat: Causes spontaneous tuberculo- sis in salt-water fish. 5. Mycobacterium thamnopheos Aron- son, 1929. (Jour. Inf. Dis., 44, 1929, 215.) tham.no'phe.os. Gr. noun thamnus a bush; Gr. noun ophis, opheos a snake; M.L. mas.n. Thamnophis bush snake, a genus of snakes; M.L. gen. noun thamnopheos of the bush snake. Original description supplemented by ma- terial taken from Bynoe (Thesis, McGill University, Montreal, 1931).