Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/708

 Agar deep colonies: Small, cottony; a few gas bubbles are produced. Peptone water: Turbid; slight sediment. Milk: Coagulated in 5 days, but clot is not digested. Indole is produced. Hydrogen sulfide is produced (medium not stated). Glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, arabinose, xylose, sucrose, mannitol and starch slowly fermented after 1 month of cultivation. Inulin not fermented. Carbo- hydrates not attacked immediately after isolation. Cellulose (in synthetic medium) is fer- mented chiefly to acetic and butyric acids together with inflammable gas and traces of ethyl alcohol. Coagulated albumin: Not attacked. Brain medium: No blackening. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, around 37° C. Not thermophilic. Distinctive characters: Does not produce pigment; ferments a variety of carbohy- drates. Source : Isolated from the scum of sugar- refining vats. Habitat: Not determined. 81. Clostridium werneri Bergey et al., 1930. (Bacillus cellulosam fermentans Werner, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 67, 1926, 297; Bergey et al., Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 452.) wer'ne.ri. M.L. gen. noun werneri of Wer- ner; named for Erich Werner, the German bacteriologist who first isolated this organ- ism. Rods, 0.5 to 0.7 by 1.5 to 7.0 microns, oc- curring singly and in pairs but not in chains. Spores ovoid, terminal, swelling the cells. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. Agar slant (anaerobic) : No growth. Cellulose agar slant (anaerobic) : Growth only in contact with cellulose. Growth gray- ish black; agar is darkened. Gas is produced. Broth: No growth. Broth with filter paper: Poor growth; cellulose weakly attacked. Omelianski solution with filter paper: Abundant growth; cellulose digested with the production of Ho and CO2. Hydrogen sulfide is produced in the Omelianski medium, presumably from the (NH4)2S04 and MgS04. Glucose and carbohydrates other than cellulose not fermented. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 33° and 37° C. Not pathogenic for mice. Relationship to other species: Probably closely related to Clostridium omelianskii Spray. Source: Isolated from the larvae of the rose-leaf beetle (Potosia cuprea). Habitat : Found in soil and in the feces of herbivorous animals. 82. Clostridium leptinotarsae Sartory and Meyer, 1941. (Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 212, 1941, 819.) lep. ti.no. tar 'sae. M.L. noun Leptinotarsa a genus of insects; M.L. gen. noun leptino- tarsae of Leptinotarsa. Straight or curved rods, 0.5 to 0.7 by 1.5 to 4.0 microns, frequently occurring in pairs. Terminal, ovoid spores, 0.6 to 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.8 microns. Non-motile. Gram-negative (Prevot, Man. d. Class, et Determ. d. Bact. Ana6rob., 2" ed., 1948, 201). Gelatin: No liquefaction. Peptone broth: Turbid. Milk: Coagulated then digested. Indole is produced. Celulose readily attacked. Glucose, galac- tose, mannitol, maltose, sucrose and lactose are fermented; fructose is only moderately fermented. Lactic and butyric acids, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are produced. Nitrites not produced from nitrates (Pre- vot, loc. cit.). Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 27° and 37° C. Source: Isolated from the intestines of a potato beetle. Habitat: Decomposing organic matter. 83. Clostridium cellulosolvens Cowles and Rettger, 1931. (Jour. Bact., ^i, 1931, 167.) cel.lu.lo.sol'vens. M.L. noun cellulosum cellulose; L. part. adj. solvens dissolving; M.L. adj. cellulosolvens cellulose-dissolving.