Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/701

 tween 55° and 60° C. Minimum, about 45° C. Maximum, about 65° C. Distinctive characters: No gas produced in carbohydrate fermentation; acetic acid is the principal fermentation product. Source: Isolated from horse manure. Habitat: Found in fecal matter. 68. Clostridium belfantii (Carbone and Venturelli, 1925) Spray, 1939. (Bacillus belfantii Carbone and Venturelli, Boll. 1st. Sieroter., Milan, 4, 1925, 59; Spray, in Man- ual, 5th ed., 1939, 759.) bel.fan'ti.i. M.L. gen. noun belfantii of Belfant; named for Belfant, an Italian bacteriologist. Thick, straight rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.5 to 7.0 microns, occurring singly, in pairs and in short chains. Spores large, ovoid, central to subterminal, swelling the cells. Motile. Granulose-negative. Usually Gram-nega- tive, occasional cells are Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Large, round, opaque, with filamentous edge. Agar deep colonies: Arborescent along the stab. Gas is produced. Plain broth: Diffuse turbidity, clearing by precipitation. No pigmentation. Gas is produced. Potato mash: Forms a foam which be- comes violet in 24 to 48 hours and which persists 3 to 6 days, disappearing on ex- posure to air. Potato slant: Grayish pellicle, becoming violet in 24 to 48 hours. Gas of alcoholic odor is produced. No acetone. Glycerinated potato: Thin, grayish pel- licle, not becoming violet. Milk: Coagulated in 24 to 48 hours. Clot broken by gas. Milk agar: Abundant growth. Gas of bu- tyric odor is liberated. Indole is produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, lactose and mannitol. Starch and inulin weakly fermented. Coagulated albumin: No liquefaction. Blood serum: No liquefaction. Anaerobic. Grows well at 37° C. Specifically agglutinated only by homolo- gous antiserum. Source: Isolated from retting beds and from air. Habitat: Not determined. 69. Clostridium venturellii (de Tomasi, 1925) Spray, 1939. (Bacillus venturelli (sic) de Tomasi, Boll. 1st. Sieroter. Milan., 4, 1925, 203; Spray, in Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 769.) ven.tu.rel'li.i. M.L. gen. noun venturellii of Venturelli; named for Venturelli, an Italian bacteriologist. Pleomorphic, fusiform to straight or slightly curved rods, 0.5 to 0.8 by 2.5 to 8.0 and up to 20.0 microns, the size varying with the medium, with rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs, in chains or frequently in parallel groupings. Spores ovoid, central to eccentric, swelling the cells. Encapsulated. Motile. Granulose-positive, showing violet granules with iodine. Gram-negative. Gelatin: No growth. No liquefaction. Glucose agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Round, becoming rose-colored. Plain agar slant (anaerobic) : No growth. Maltose agar stab: Colonies lenticular, yellowish, turning rose. Odor of acetone. Plain broth: No growth. Milk with CaCOs : Coagulated, becoming 3'ellow, then pale rose. Amylic odor. Potato slant (anaerobic) : Becomes mu- cilaginous. Bubbles of gas of amylic odor. Potato mash: Very abundant growth; rose-colored with red spots. Acid and gas from glucose, maltose, su- crose, fructose, lactose, inositol, dextrin and starch. Arabinose, glycerol, mannitol and inulin not fermented (Weinberg et al., Les Microb. Ana6rob., 1937, 800). Fermentation products include especially acetone and amyl alcohol with smaller amounts of propyl, butyl and iso-butyl alco- hols and acetic acid. Coagulated albumin: No digestion. Blood serum: No liquefaction; produces a small amount of yellowish liquid. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 18° and 20° C. Inhibition of growth and pigmenta- tion above 25° C. Distinctive character: Produces a rose-