Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/683

 butyl radical; M.L. adj. saccharoacetoperbu- tylicus (probably intended to mean) the organism which ferments sugar with the production of acetic acid and an abundance of butjd alcohol. Short and long rods, 0.7 to 3.8 by 2.3 to 12.8 microns, the majority measuring 1.6 by 5.3 microns, with rounded ends, occur- ring singly, in pairs or in chains. Sporangia are spindle-shaped, clavate. Spores cylindri- cal with rounded ends or ovoid, the majority measuring 1.1 by 2.6 microns, subterminal to terminal. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Granulose-positive when stained with iodine. Gram-positive. Gelatin: Liquefaction. Agar surface colonies : Circular to irregu- lar, both rough and smooth, entire and lobar-lobulate edges, convex, translucent to opaque. Agar slant: Growth abundant, scattered to spreading, glistening, non-pigmented to a light cream color; butylic odor; viscid consistency. Broth: No growth. Litmus milk: Acid reaction with an acid curd in 15 days. Slight peptonization. Potato slant: Growth spreading, glisten- ing, abundant, non-pigmented to light cream color; butylic odor; viscid consis- tency. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced in trace amounts, if at all. Acid and gas from arabinose, xylose, glu- cose, fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, raffinose, maize starch, soluble starch, inulin, glycogen, salicin, alpha-methyl -glucoside, melibiose and dex- trin. Trehalose, inositol, rhamnose, melezi- tose, glycerol, erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, dulcitol and esculin not attacked. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Optimum temperature, between 29° and 31° C. Optimum pH, between 5.5 and 6.3. Anaerobic. Source: Isolated from maize husk. Habitat: Probably soil. 31. Clostridium hastifornie MacLen- nan, 1939. (A4, Cunningham, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 82, 1930-31, 487; B4a, Cunningham, ibid., 83, 1931, 11; MacLennan, Jour. Path, and Bact., 49, 1939, 543.) has.ti.for'me. L. noun hasta a spear; L. noun forma shape, form; M.L. adj. hasti- formis spear-shaped. Slender rods, 0.3 to 0.6 by 2.0 to 6.0 mi- crons, with rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs and rarely in short chains. Fila- ments not observed. Spores ellipsoidal, sub- terminal, swelling the cells. Polar-cap of protoplasm remains long attached to free spores. Motile by means of delicate, pe- ritrichous flagella; motility persists even after sporulation. Gram-positive. Gelatin: Rapid liquefaction. Blackening not recorded. Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Minute, translucent dots, becoming irregu- larly round, granular, grayish white, with opaque center and delicate, translucent border. Plain agar deep colonies: Small, irregu- larly round with coarsely filamentous bor- der. A little gas is occasionally produced. Broth: Transient, uniform turbidity, quickly settling as a heavy, white, flocculent deposit. Culture assumes a cheesy odor. Milk: Abundant growth with lab-coagu- lation in 2 to 3 days. No increase in acidity, becoming slightly alkaline. Clot completely digested in 10 to 14 days, leaving a white, semi-translucent fluid of cheesy odor. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Glucose and other carbohj^drates not fer- mented. Ammonia not produced. Egg medium: No digestion or other visible change. Coagulated albumin: No digestion or blackening. Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Same as on plain agar, but larger and more opaque. Old colonies show grayish pigmen- tation. No hemolysis. Blood serum: No digestion or blackening. Meat medium: No digestion or blacken- ing, even in the presence of metallic iron. Meat particles slightly reddened. Brain medium: No digestion or blacken- ing. Anaerobic. Grows well between 22° and 37° C.