Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/670

 viscid, light cream-colored to yellow growth with a butylic odor. Medium liquefied slightly, if at all. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced in trace amounts, if at all, on lead acetate agar. Acid and gas from esculin, trehalose, arab- inose, xylose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, maize starch, soluble starch, inulin, dextrin, gly- cogen, salicin and alpha-methyl -glucoside. Rhamnose, raffinose, melezitose, glycerol, erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, dulcitol, ino- sitol and melibiose not attacked. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Anaerobic. Optimum fermentation temperature, be- tween 29° and 32° C. Optimum pH, between 5.4 and 5.8. Source: Isolated from soil. Habitat: Soil. 13. Clostridium inadisonii McCoy, 1946. (U. S. Letters Pat., 2,398,837, April 23, 1946.) mad.i.son'i.i. M.L. gen. noun inadisonii of Madison. Short to long rods, 0.5 to 1.0 by 3.0 to 5.8 microns, with rounded ends, occurring singly or in short chains. Spores abundant, cylindrical to ellipsoidal, 0.7 to 1.3 by 1.3 to 2.4 microns, subterminal to terminal. Sporangia elongated, spindle-shaped. Ac- tively motile in young cultures. Granulose- positive in young cells. Gram-positive, be- coming negative in old cultures. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Molasses-glucose agar colonies: Dark cream, round, entire, viscid, raised to con- vex. Molasses-glucose agar slant: Moderate, glistening, confluent growth. Litmus milk: Reduced before curdling; moderate gas production; soft acid curd with turbid pink whey, white crystals de- velop in old cultures. No digestion of casein. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide production is positive by strip test when thiosulfate brain mash, sulfite brain mash or oatmeal (5 per cent) mash is used. Negative with other media tried. Acid and gas from glucose, mannose, fruc- tose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, alpha-methyl -glucoside, mannitol, arabi- nose, xylose, galactose, melezitose, soluble starch, maize starch, dextrin, inulin, glyco- gen, esculin, sorbitol, raffinose, salicin, amygdalin and inositol. Rhanmose, glj^c- erol, erythritol, quercitol, dulcitol and cellulose not attacked. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Atmospheric nitrogen fixed, though not as actively as by Clostridium pasteurianum Winogradsky (Rosenblum and Wilson, Jour. Bact., 57, 1949, 413). Blood agar (glucose agar plus 10 per cent defibrinated horse blood): Good growth; no hemolysis, but some surrounding colonies discolored by acid. Von Hibler brain (plain or with iron) : Growth with gas production and sporulation but no blackening or digestion. Temperature relations: Growth between 8° and 42° C. Optimum fermentation, be- tween 29° and 33° C. Chemical tolerance: Growth between pH 4.3 and 7.6; apparent optimum for fermenta- tion, between pH 5.0 and 6.0, preferably about 5.5. Anaerobic. Source: Original strain isolated from field soil collected near Madison, Wisconsin. Habitat: Probably soil. 14. Clostridium muelleri McClung and McCoy, comb. nov. {Clostridium granulo- bacter acetobutylicum Miiller, U. S. Letters Pat., 2,195,629, April 2, 1940.) muel'le.ri. M.L. gen. noun muelleri of Miiller; named for Miiller, the bacteriologist who first isolated this species. Short rods, 0.5 to 1.4 by 3.0 to 10.0 mi- crons, the majority of the cells measuring 1.0 by 5.0 microns, with rounded ends, oc- curring in chains. Sporangia spindle-shaped, clavate, 1.0 to 2.3 by 6.0 to 10.0 microns, the majority measuring 1.5 by 8.0 microns; spores terminal to subterminal. Motile. Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Agar surface colonies: Smooth surface, raised to convex, dull luster, round, granular internal structure; good growth. Agar + 2 per cent glucose slant: Moderate, slightly spreading, opaque growth with a