Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/668

 Brain medium with iron: Moderately blackened. Digestion not recorded. Anaerobic. Grows well at 37° C. Toxicity: Glucose broth culture filtrates kill guinea pigs and rabbits in 24 to 36 hours. Pathogenic for guinea pigs and rabbits. Subcutaneous inoculation induces marked edema. Death may occur in from 1 to 9 days. Source: Isolated from the feces of new- born infants. Habitat: Presumably widely distributed. 9. Clostridium tyrobiityricuni van Beynum and Pette, 1935. (Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 93, 1935, 208; also see Bryant and Burkey, Jour. Bact., 71, 1955, 43). ty.ro.bu.ty'ri.cum. Gr. noun tyrus cheese; M.L. noun acidum hutyricum butyric acid; M.L. adj. tyrobutyricus (probably in- tended to mean) the butyric acid-producing organism from cheese. Large rods, 0.8 to 1.2 by 2.0 to 15.0 mi- crons. Subterminal, ovoid spores swelling the cells. Motile. Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Tomato juice agar surface colonies: En- tire, opaque, slightly convex, cream-colored. Tomato juice agar deep colonies: Lenticu- lar. Milk; No change. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Glucose, calcium lactate, fructose and arabinose are fermented. Sucrose, maltose, starch, inulin, raffinose, salicin, dextrin, mannose, dulcitol, sorbitol and rhamnose are not fermented. Galactose, xylose, lactose, mannitol and glycerol are variably fer- mented. Nitrites may or may not he produced from nitrates. Coagulated albumin : Action not recorded; assumed negative. Anaerobic. Distinctive character: Fermentation of lactate. Source: Isolated from silage and from cheese. Habitat: Decomposing organic matter, so far as known. 10. Clostridium pasteurianum Wino- gradsky, 1895. (Winogradsky, Arch. Sci. Biol. (Russ.), 3, 1895, 330; Clostridium pas- torianum (sic) Winogradsky, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 9, 1902, 43; also see McCoy, Fred, Peterson and Hastings, Jour. Inf. Dis., 46, 1930, 118.) pas.teu.ri.a'num. M.L. adj. pasteurianus pertaining to Pasteur; named for Louis Pasteur, French chemist and bacteriologist. Large rods, 0.9 to 1.7 by 3.5 to 4.7 microns, sometimes occurring in chains. Spores large, 1.5 by 2.0 microns, each retained in a char- acteristic "capsule" (a portion of the clos- tridial cell). Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Granulose-positive. Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Beef -peptone -glucose agar surface colo- nies: Round, slightly raised, moist, creamy yellow; granular structure; dense centers; entire edges. Beef-peptone-glucose agar deep colonies: Small, woolly, biconvex, dense. Milk: Little change. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced in brain mash, with or without iron. Glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, arabi- nose, xylose (possibly variable), galactose, mannose, trehalose, raffinose, soluble starch, melezitose, inulin (possibly variable), al- pha-methyl-glucoside, glycerol, inositol, mannitol and sorbitol are fermented. Rham- nose, lactose, maize starch, dextrin, glycogen, amygdalin, salicin, esculin, erythritol, dul- citol, quercitol, pectin, cellulose and cal- cium lactate are not fermented. More tolerant of high concentrations of glucose and sucrose than are other butyric- acid-producing species (Spiegelberg, Food Research, 5, 1940, 115). Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed. Coagulated egg albumin: No digestion. Blood agar: No hemolysis. Coagulated blood serum: No change in color or texture. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 25° C. Distinctive characters: Prolonged reten- tion of the spore within a peculiar, brush- like spore-capsule; starch and lactose not fermented. More active in the assimilation