Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/607

 pseudotuberculosis Buchanan, Veter. Bact., Phila., 1911, 238; Eberson, Jour. Inf. Dis., £S, 1918, 10.) pseu.do.tu.ber.cu.lo'sis. Gr. adj. pseudes false; L. neut.n. tuberculum a little tubercle; M.L. fem.n. tuberculosis tuberculosis; M.L. gen. noun pseudotuberculosis of false tuber- culosis. Common name: Preisz-Nocard bacillus. Slender rods, 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 3.0 mi- crons, staining irregularly and showing clubbed forms. Non-motile. Gram-positive. Gelatin colonies: Slight development. Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. Agar colonies: Thin, cream-colored to orange, folded, serrate, dry. Loeffler's blood serum: Small, yellow, ser- rate colonies. No liquefaction. Broth: No turbidity. Granular sediment. Pellicle formed (Carne, Jour. Path, and Bact., J^9, 1939, 316). Litmus milk: Unchanged. Potato: No growth. Acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and dextrin. Some strains attack xylose. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Causes caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and ulcerative lymphangitis in horses. Forms an exotoxin. Shows a close serological relationship with Corynebacterium renale (Merchant, Jour. Bact., 30, 1935, 109). Source: Isolated from necrotic areas in the kidney of a sheep. Habitat: Found in caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and ulcerative lesions in horses, cattle and other warm-blooded animals. 6. Corynebacterium xerosis Lehmann and Neumann, 1899. (Bacillus der xerose, Neisser and Kuschbert, Breslauer artzl. Ztschr., 5, 1883, 42; Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 2 Aufl., 2, 1899, 365 and 385.) xe.ro'sis. Gr. fem.n. xerosis a parched skin, xerosis; M.L. gen.noun xerosis of xerosis. An excellent historical discussion of this organism is given by Andrewes et al. (Diph- theria. London, 1923, 377-382). Rods showing polar staining; occasionally club-shaped forms are seen. Non-motile. Gram-positive. Plain gelatin colonies: Rarely develop. Serum gelatin stab: No liquefaction. Agar colonies: Minute, circular, almost transparent, raised, smooth, pearly white. Agar slant: Thin, grayish, limited growth. Loeffler's blood serum: Thin, grayish, adherent growth. Broth: Clear, with slight, granular sedi- ment. Litmus milk: Unchanged. Potato: No visible growth. Indole not produced. Acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose and sucrose. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Grows very slowly as low as 18° to 25° C. (Eberson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 23, 1918, 3). Not pathogenic. Source : Isolated from normal and diseased conjunctiva. Kuschbert (Deutsche med. Wochnschr., 10, 1884, 321 and 341) states that this species was originally isolated by Colomiatti. Habitat: Probably identical with other species described from the skin and other parts of the body. 7. Corynebacterium pyogenes (Glage, 1903) Eberson, 1918. (Bacillus liguefaciens pyogenes bovis Lucet, Ann. Inst. Past., 7, 1893, 327; Bacillus pyogenes Glage, Ztschr. f. Fleisch- u. Milchhyg., 13, 1903, 166; Eberson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 23, 1918, 5.) py.o'ge.nes. Gr. noun pyuni pus; Gr. v. gennaio to produce; M.L. adj. pyogenes pus- producing. For a fuller description see Brown and Orcutt (Jour. Exp. Med., 32, 1920, 244). Rods 0.2 by 0.3 to 2.0 microns in length. Smallest forms appear as scarcely visible points (common in old abscesses). Chains formed. Club forms may be present. Non- motile. Gram-positive. Serum gelatin: Liquefaction. No growth on ordinary agar. Serum agar: Minute colonies after 36 to 48 hours. Surface colonies may increase to 3 mm in diameter. Colonies smoky brown by