Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/456

 Source: Isolated from the intestines of man. Habitat: Found in the intestinal tract of 24. Bacteroides succinogenes Hungate, 1950. (Bact. Revs., U, 1950, 1.) suc.ci.no'ge.nes. L. noun succinum am- ber; M.L. noun acidum succinicum succinic acid (derived from amber) ; Gr. v. gennaio to produce; M.L. adj. succinogenes succinic acid-producing. Original description supplemented by material from Bryant and Doetsch (Jour. DairySci.,37, 1954, 1176). Rods, 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.0 and 2.0 microns when grown on cellulose agar, often appear- ing slightly curved and with pointed ends. Occur singly and in pairs. In old cultures the rods are replaced by spherical and ellip- soidal forms of variable size. In media con- taining either glucose or cellobiose, the rods are larger, usually quite pleomorphic and occasionally show rosette arrangements of cells. Non-motile. Show bipolar staining. Gram-negative. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Cellulose agar colonies: Definite clear zone of cellulose digestion with no micro- scopically visible colony, but rods may be observed microscopically at the periphery of the area cleared of cellulose. Rumen fluid-glucose-cellobiose agar col- onies: Deep colonies are lenticular, 1 to 3 mm in diameter; surface colonies are entire, slightly convex, translucent to opaque, often with "frosted glass" appearance. Non-pigmented or, occasionally, yellow. Liquid rumen fluid-glucose-cellobiose me- dium: Evenly turbid growth which rapidly clears with age. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Acid from glucose, cellobiose, cellulose and pectin. Acid may or may not be pro- duced from maltose, lactose, trehalose and dextrin. No acid from xylose, arabinose, galactose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, glycerol, inositol, inulin, salicin, gum arable or xylan. Starch may or may not be hydrolyzed. Esculin not hydrolyzed. Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. Produces mainly succinic and acetic acids and shows a net carbon dioxide uptake in cellulose or cellobiose fermentations. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Casein is digested. Anaerobic. Temperature relations: Optimum, about 40° C. No growth at 22° or 45° C. Final pH in liquid rumen fluid -glucose medium, about 5.5. Distinctive characters: Ferments cellu- lose very rapidly. Certain volatile fatty acids present in rumen fluid are required for growth (Bryant and Doetsch, Sci., 120, 1954, 944; Jour. Dairy Sci., 38, 1955, 340). Source: Isolated from bovine rumen con- tents. Habitat: Probably the reticulo-rumen of ruminants. 25. Bacteroides glutinosus (Guillemot and Halle, 1904) Hauduroy et al., 1937. (Bacillus glutinosus Guillemot and Hall6, Arch. M6d. Exp. et Anat. Path., 16, 1904, 599; Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. Path., 1937, 61; Ristella glutinosa Pr^vot, Ann. Inst. Past., 60, 1938, 292.) glu.ti.no'sus. L. adj. glutinosus glutinous. Long rods, 0.8 by 6.0 to 8.0 microns, fila- mentous forms attaining a length of 32.0 microns. Occur singly or in entangled clumps in pus, mostly in clumps and rarely singly in cultures. Not encapsulated. Non- motile. Gram-negative. Gas not produced. Agar stab: Growth slow; colonies lenticu- lar, whitish, very cohesive. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 37° C; killed at 55° C. Pathogenicity: Pleural pus containing this organism did not prove fatal to guinea pigs and rabbits when inoculated into the pleura. Distinctive characters: Feeble growth; very cohesive colonies. Source: Isolated from cases of purulent pleurisies. Habitat : Found in respiratory apparatus, especially the pleura; not common. 26. Bacteroides destillationis (Wein- berg et al., 1937) Kelly, comh. nov. (Anaero-