Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/390

 1st ed., 1951, 249; Shaw and Clarke, Jour. Gen. Microbiol., 13, 1955, 155.) in.con'stans. L. adj. inconstans incon- stant, changeable. Rods. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Indole produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced from an ade- quate sulfur base. Acid and usually slight gas from glucose. Sucrose and adonitol are frequently utilized although the former may require prolonged incubation. Glycerol may or may not be attacked. Other carbohydrates usually not attacked. Methyl red test is positive. Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. Ammonium citrate usually utilized as a sole source of carbon. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Phenylpyruvic acid is produced from phenylalanine, and leucine is rendered alka- line (see Proom, Jour. Gen. Microbiol., IS, 1955, 173 and 174). Urea not hydrolyzed, except rarely (Shaw and Clarke, op. cit., 1955, 158). Serology: One hundred and fifty-six sero- types have been recognized (Edwards and Ewing, Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Burgess Pub. Co., Minneapolis, 1955, 162). Pathogenicity: Some cultures have been established as etiological agents of gastro- enteritis. Comment: Kauffmann (Enterobacteria- ceae. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 2nd ed., 1954, 317) proposed the generic name Provi- dencia for the organisms in the Providence Group but did not name a type species. Source: Isolated from gastroenteritis patients. Habitat: Found in urinary tract infec- tions and in outbreaks and sporadic cases of diarrhoea in man. TRIBE v. SALMONELLEAE BERGEY, BREED AND MURRAY, 1938. (Preprint, Manual, 5th ed., 1938 (October), vi.) Sal.mo.nel'le.ae. M.L. fem.n. Salmonella type genus of the tribe; -eae ending to denote a tribe; M.L. fem.pl.n. Salmonelleae the Salmonella tribe. Rods that are either motile by means of peritrichous flagella or non-motile. Gram-nega- tive. No spreading growth on ordinary (2 to 3 per cent) agar. Gelatin not liquefied (excep- tions have been noted, but these are rare). Milk not peptonized. Numerous carbohydrates are attacked with the production of acid or of acid and visible gas. Lactose, sucrose and salicin are not ordinarily attacked. Acetylmethylcarbinol is not produced. Urea not hj'- drolyzed. Found in the bodies of warm-blooded animals, including man, and occasionally in reptiles; frequently found in the food eaten by these animals. Key to the genera of tribe Salmonelleae. I. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella (occasional strains of typhoids are non- motile, and strains of Salmonella gallinarum are frequently non-motile). Hydrogen sulfide usually produced. Ammonium citrate normally utilized. Genus IX. Salmonella, p. 368. II. Non-motile. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Ammonium citrate not utilized. Genus X. Shigella, p. 384. Genus IX. Salmonella Lignieres, 1900.* (Rec. de med. v6t., Ser. 8, 7, 1900, 389.) Sal.mo.nel'la. M.L. dim. ending -ella; M.L. fem.n. Salmonella named for D. E. Salmon, an American bacteriologist. 1955.
 * Prepared by Dr. Gertrude Kalz, McGill University, Montreal, P.Q., Canada, July,