Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/368

 Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Pathogenicitj^: Lethal for mice 3 to 4 days after subcutaneous inoculation; rats and guinea pigs become sick; rabbits are immune. Comment: Henriksen (Acta Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 34, 1954, 249, 259, 266, 271, 276 and 291) believes this and the fol- lowing species to be distinguishable from Klebsiella pneumoniae because both K. ozaenae and K. rhinoscleromatis give the IMViC reactions found in the genus Esch- erichia whereas K. pneumoniae possesses the IMViC characters found in the genus Aerobacter. Source: Isolated from cases of ozena. Habitat: Frequently occurs in ozena and in non-stinking, pure atrophic rhinitis. 3. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis Tre- visan, 1887. (Rhinoscleromabacillus, von Fritsch, Wien. med. Wochenschr., 32, 1882, 968; also see Cornil, Progres Medical, 11, 1883, 587; Trevisan, Rend. d. R. Istit. Lombardo, Ser. 2, 20, 1887, 95.) rhi.no.scle.ro'ma.tis. M.L. adj. rhino- scleromatis pertaining to rhinoscleroma. Original description supplemented by material taken from Edwards and Ewing (Identification of Enter obacteriaceae, Bur- gess Pub. Co., Minneapolis, 1955, 166 and 167). Rods, with rounded ends, about 0.8 by 1.6 to 2.4 microns, occurring singly, in pairs. and occasionally in short chains. Encapsu- lated. Non-motile. Gram-negative. Gelatin colonies: Circular, jellowish white, convex, entire. Gelatin stab: White, convex surface growth. No liquefaction. Agar colonies: White, translucent, smooth, glistening. Agar slant: Moist, white, translucent, spreading growth. Broth: Turbid; tough pellicle. Litmus milk: Unchanged. Potato: Yellowish white, slimj-, fre- quently showing gas production. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Gas not ordinarily produced from glucose ; acid produced from lactose slowly if at all (Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 4 Aufl., 2, 1907, 299). Acid from sucrose, salicin, inositol and adonitol. Acid may or may not be produced from dulcitol. d-Tar- trate and mucate not fermented. Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. Methyl red test positive. Citrate not utilized as sole source of car- bon. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Urea not decomposed. Aerobic, facultativelj" anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Comment: See comment under Klebsiella ozaenae. Source: Isolated from nasal secretions in rhinoscleroma. Genus IV. Paracolobactrum Borman et al., 1944-* (Paracolibacille, Widal and Nobecourt, Semaine M^d., 17, 1897, 285; Borman, Stuart and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) Pa.ra.co.lo.bac'trum. Gr. prep, para (in composition) alongside of, like; M.L. noun Colobactrum a genus of bacteria; M.L. neut.n. Paracolobactrum that which resembles Colo- bactrum. Short rods. Gram-negative. Fermentation of lactose is consistently delaj'ed; occasionally lactose is not fermented. Glucose is fermented with the production of visible gas. Certain forms attack carbohydrates characteristically at 20° to 30° C. but not at 37° C; the produc- tion of acet3dmethylcarbinol may likewise be influenced by incubation temperature. Anti- genic relationships to other genera in the family are common, even with respect to major antigens. Found in surface water, soil, grains and the intestinal tracts of animals, including man. Health, Hartford, Connecticut, October, 1955.
 * Prepared by Dr. E. K. Borman, Director, Bureau of Laboratories, State Department of