Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/340

 Litmus milk: Unchanged. Potato: Yellow, spreading growth which turns brownish. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Acid from glucose in nutrient broth (Mindach, Butler University Botanical Studies, 9, 1949, 21). Nitrites produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 30° C. Brownish colors develop best at lower temperatures; orange-yellow colors develop best at 37° C. Habitat: Soil. 16. Flavobacterium halohydrium Zo- Bell and Upham, 1944. (Bull. Scripps Inst, of Oceanography, Univ. of Calif., 5, 1944, 278.) ha.lo.hy'dri.um. Gr. noun hals salt; Gr. noun hydor water; Gr. dim.noun hydrium a small quantity of water; M.L. noun halo- hydrium (probably intended to mean) salt water. Short rods, 0.6 by 0.8 to 1.0 micron, oc- curring singly. Motile by means of many peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. All media except the fresh-water broth, litmus milk and potato were prepared with sea water. Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, orange. Gelatin stab: Napiform liquefaction be- coming crateriform. Beaded along line of stab. Agar colonies: 2 mm in diameter, pul- vinate, circular, entire, smooth. Agar slant: Moderate, glistening, echinu- late, butyrous growth with j^ellow pigment. Sea-water broth: Yellow surface ring; heavy turbidity; moderate, viscid sediment. Fresh-water broth: No visible growth. Litmus milk: No visible change. Very poorly tolerant of increases or de- creases in salinity. Potato: No visible growth. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Acid but no gas from glucose, lactose, maltose, sucrose and salicin. Does not fer- ment glycerol, mannitol or xylose. Starch is hydrolyzed. Casein is hydrolyzed. Non-lipolytic. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Ammonia produced from peptone but not from urea. Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 20° and 25° C. Source: Isolated from sea water and ma- rine mud. Habitat: Sea water. 17. Flavobacterium neptunium ZoBell and Upham, 1944. (Bull. Scripps Inst, of Oceanography, Univ. of Calif., 5, 1944, 278.) nep.tu'ni.um. Gr. adj. neptunius pertain- ing to Neptune; named for Neptune, mythi- cal god of the sea. Rods, 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.6 to 4.5 microns, occurring singly and in short chains; many cells are bent rods. Motile by means of long, peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. All media except the fresh-water broth, litmus milk and potato were prepared with sea water. Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, darker centers, sink in gelatin, faintly yellow. Gelatin stab: Slow, napiform liquefaction. Filiform growth along line of stab. Agar colonies: 2 mm in diameter, circu- lar, smooth, entire, convex, dark centers with buff pigment. Agar slant: Luxuriant, echinulate, glis- tening, slightly mucoid growth with buff to yellow pigment. Agar discolored brown. Sea-water broth: Heavy pellicle; scant turbidity; scant sediment. Fresh-water broth: No visible growth. Litmus milk: No visible change. Potato: No visible growth. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Acid but no gas from glucose, lactose, maltose and salicin. Does not ferment gly- cerol, mannitol, xjdose or sucrose. Starch is hydrolyzed. Casein not hydrolyzed. Non-lipolytic. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Ammonia produced from peptone but not from urea. Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. Optimum temperature, between 20° and 25° C.