Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/334

 growth becomes more mucoid without an increase in pigmentation. Agar slants: Growth moderate, mucoid, glistening, transparent, filiform. An in- crease in organic nitrogen-containing com- pounds causes growth to become non- mucoid, opaque, wrinkled and adherent. Frequent transfers are necessary for survival. Proteose peptone (2 per cent) agar: Gray-yellow growth. Broth: Faintly turbid. Litmus milk: Litmus reduced; j'ellow surface ring; no acid in 7 days at 20° to 25° C.; casein slowly digested (14 to 20 days). Potato: Growth scant to moderate, white to faint yellow at 20° to 25° C.; potato darkens and pigment becomes bright orange at 10° C. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide production slight. Glycerol, xylose, arabinose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, lactose and raffinose are utilized as principal carbon sources under aerobic conditions; ethanol, sodium citrate, dextrin, starch, dulcitol, mannitol and salicin are not utilized under these condi- tions. Glucose and ammonium chloride usually do not support growth when used as the sources of carbon and nitrogen. Acid from glucose, galactose, mannose, sucrose and maltose when included in semi- synthetic media, agar slants or broths (acid reactions not detectable with indicators in peptone-beef-extract-containing media). Optimum pH, between 7.2 and 7.4. Growth between pH 6.5 and 7.8. Final pH of unbuffered 1 per cent glucose broth, 5.9; if peptone-beef-extract is also present in the broth, the final pH is 6.5. Acetylmethj'lcarbinol not produced. Methyl red test negative. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Urease-negative. Catalase-positive. Aerobic. Temperature relations: Growth range, 10° to 30° C. No growth at 37° C. Distinctive characters: Differs from other non-motile species of Flavohacterium by a number of cultural properties which, when combined, serve to differentiate the species. These properties are yellow pigmentation becoming yellow-brown or orange, slow growth and poor survival on meat-extract- peptone media, inability to reduce nitrates to nitrites and failure to grow at 37° C. and under anaerobic conditions. Source: Isolated from the water of deep wells in the chalk region of Kent, England, where it occurred as a practically pure cul- ture. Found abundantly and reisolated by Taylor, 1941, from the same source (personal communication). Habitat: Found in water containing a high percentage of calcium carbonate. 2. Flavobacterium fucatutn Harrison, 1929. (Canadian Jour, of Research, 1, 1929, 232.) fu.ca'tum. L. adj. fucatus colored, painted. Rods, 0.8 to 1.0 by 2.5 to 3.5 microns, slightly bent with rounded ends. Granular with diphtheroid forms at 37° C. Non-mo- tile. Gram-negative. Gelatin colonies: Circular, 3cllow, en- tire, paler at edges. Gelatin stab: Crateriform liquefaction. Agar colonies: Circular, buff -yellow, smooth, shiny, convex to pulvinate, granu- lar, entire. Agar slant: Moderate, light buff -yellow, spreading, shiny, smooth growth. Ammonium phosphate agar: Good growth in 6 days. Broth: Turbid, becoming clear; pellicle and yellow sediment. Litmus milk: Alkaline. Peptonized. Clear serum. Yellow sediment. Potato: Growth abundant, pale buff- yellow, smooth, spreading, becoming or- ange-yellow. Indole not produced. Hj'drogen sulfide not produced. No acid from glucose, lactose or sucrose. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Traces of ammonia produced. Loeffler's blood serum not liquefied. Light buff-yellow growth becoming ochra- ceus salmon. Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic.