Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/273

 II. Growth on glucose and starch agar.


 * A. Poor growth on starch agar.


 * 1. Cream-colored pigment which becomes brown with age is produced on filter paper.


 * B. Abundant growth on starch agar.


 * 1. Scant growth on glucose agar.


 * a. Intense yellow pigment produced on filter paper.


 * 2. Abundant growth on glucose agar.


 * a. No pigment produced on filter paper.

1. Cellvibrio ochraceus Winogradsky, 1929. (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 549, 601.) och.ra'ce.us. Gr. noun ochra ochre; M.L. adj. ochraceus like ochre, rust-colored. Plump, curved rods with rounded ends, 2.0 to 4.0 microns long, rarely occurring as spirals. Chromatic granule frequently found in center. Motile by means of a single flagel- lum. Gram-negative. Produces diffuse, light ochre-colored, mucilaginous colonies on cellulose silica gel medium. No action or growth on plain agar. No growth on peptone, glucose, starch or tragacanth gum agar. Grows well on hydrocellulose agar without producing clearings. Cellulose is oxidized to acid oxycellulose without the production of reducing sub- stances or volatile by-products; a soluble, non-reducing product may be formed. Filter paper streaks : Entire paper colored ochre-yellow in 48 hrs. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 20° C. Distinctive character: Rapid, ochre- colored growth. Habitat: Soil. Disintegrates vegetable fibers.

2. Cellvibrio flavescens Winogradsky, 1929. (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 608.) fla.ves'cens. L. v. flavesco to become golden yellow; L. part. adj. flavescens be- coming yellow. Plump, curved rods, flexuous, with rounded ends, 0.5 by 2.5 to 5.0 microns. Show metachromatic granules. Motile by means of a single flagellum. Gram-negative. Produces diffuse, cream-colored growth becoming brownish; mucilaginous colonies on cellulose silica gel medium. Good growth on peptone agar. Colonies I mm in 4 days. Grows poorly on glucose, starch and gum agars. Filter paper streaks: Almost as rapid in growth as Cellvibrio ochraceus and colors entire paper in 2 to .3 days. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 20° C. Distinctive characters: Smaller, less curved rods which grow on a greater variety of media than Cellvibrio ochraceus but which do not attack cellulose as readily. Source: Isolated from a pile of old damp sawdust. A variety of this organism has been isolated from sea water by Kadota (Bull. Japan. Soc. Sci. Fish., 16, 1951, 63-70). Habitat: Soil. Disintegrates vegetable fibers.

3. Cellvibrio fulvus Stapp and Bortels, 1934. (Culture Y, Dubos, Jour. Bact., 15, 1928, 230; Stapp and Bortels, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt.,50, 1934,42.) ful'vus. L. ad}, fulvus deep yellow. Slightly curved rods, 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.5 to 3.0 microns. Show involution forms. Motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. Gram- negative. Cellulose is decomposed. Grows on filter paper with an intense egg-yellow color which in older cultures may deepen to rust brown. Glucose agar: Very scant growth. Sucrose agar: Very slight growth. Maltose agar: Abundant yellow growth. Lactose agar: Fairly abundant yellow growth.