Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/269

 je.ju'ni. L. adj. jejunus insignificant, meagre; ALL. noun jejunuin the jejunum. Pleomorphic, occurring in three different form.s in the same culture: the first forms are short, slightly convoluted and activel}^ motile with either a single polar flagellum or a single flagellum at each pole; the sec- ond are less active and have two or more complete coils; the remaining forms are extremely long and rarely motile. In older cultures clumps occur, and these usually degenerate into fragments and granules. Gram-negative. Blood agar: Within 4 or 5 days the con- densation fluid becomes slightly turbid; delicate lines then appear at the border of the agar. After several transfers these lines Ijecome well defined, and a delicate film spreads over the nether portion of the slant. Gelatin: Not liquefied. Coagulated blood serum not lifiuefied. Carbohydrates not utilized. Aerobic. Optimum pH, 7.6. No growth in either slightly acid or definitely alkaline media. Temperature relations : Optimum, 37.5° C. (Merchant, Vet. Bact. and Virology, 4th cd., 1950, 343). Killed in 5 minutes at 55° C. Pathogenicity: Non-pathogenic to lab- oratory animals under the usual conditions. Some strains produce multiple necrotic foci of the liver when injected intraperitoneally into white mice. Febrile reactions are pro- duced in rabbits when injected intrave- nously with certain strains. The enteritis produced experimentally in calves is less severe than that occurring spontaneously. Source: Isolated from the small intestine of calves suffering from diarrhoea. Habitat: Causes diarrhoea in cows and calves where it is found in the small in- testine and feces.

33. Vibrio niger (Rist, 1898) Prevot, 1948. (Spirillum nigrum Rist, These med., Paris, 1898; also see Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 30, 1901, 299; Prevot, Man. d. Classif. Bact. Anaer., 2nd ed., 1948, 124.) ni'ger. L. adj. niger black. Description taken from Rist (op. cil., 1901, 299) and Hauduroy et al. (Diet. d. Bact. Path., 2nd ed., 1953, 658). Long, slender, comma- or S-shaped cells rounded at the ends; 1.0 to 2.0 by 3.0 mi- crons. Motile. Possess a black granule which swells the cell and which may be terminal. Gram-negative. Glucose agar colonies: Lenticular, dark black, opaque, 2 to 3 mm in diameter. Deep agar colonies: Lenticular, black, cloudy; gas is produced. Deep blood serum agar colonies: Small, thin, delicate, non-hemolytic. Brain medium: Blackened; hydrogen sulfide, ethanol and butyric and lactic acids are produced. Gelatin colonies: Black, opaque; putrid odor. No liquefaction. Glucose broth: Dark gray turbidity; putrid odor; gas and hydrogen sulfide are produced. Peptone broth: Poor growth. Milk: Coagulated slowly then digested. Coagulated ascitic fluid: Not liquefied. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced. Neutral red reduced. Obligate anaerobe. Temperature relations: Growth range, 21° to 37° C. Death occurs at 55° C. Can withstand freezing. Pathogenicity: Fatal for guinea pigs in two weeks; macroscopic lesions not demon- strable. Source: Isolated from purulent otitis, mastoiditis and pulmonary gangrene; also isolated from cases of meningitis and appen- dicitis. Habitat: Found rather frequently in man under pathological conditions.

34. Vibrio sputorum Prevot, 1940. (An anaerobic vibrio from bronchitis, Tunni- cliff. Jour. Inf. Dis., 15, 1914, 350; A small anaerobic vibrio from Vincent's angina. Smith, ibid., Jfi, 1930, 307; Prevot, Man. de Classif. des Bact. Anaer., Paris, 1940, 85.) spu.to'rum. L. noun sputum spit, spu- tum; L. gen.pl. noun sputorum of sputa. Description taken from Prevot {loc. cit.) and from Macdonald (Motile, Non-sporu- lating. Anaerobic Rods of the Oral Cavity, Toronto, 1953, 53). Straight or slightly curved rods, 0.5 to