Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/263

 Sea-water nutrient gelatin slant: Good, filiform, gray growth after 24 hours, with considerable liquefaction. Slant completely liquefied after one week. Sea-water nutrient gelatin stab: Fair, filiform growth after 24 hours, best at sur- face. Napiform liquefaction, complete after 7 to 10 days. Sea-water peptone broth: Heavily turbid after 24 hours. Gray pellicle and flocculent; gray sediment. Later a light brown, soluble pigment is formed. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Very slight or no acid from glucose, ga- lactose, maltose, lactose and cellobiose. Arabinose, xylose and sucrose not fer- mented. Agar is extensively softened but not liquefied. Cellulose, chitin and alginic acid not attacked. Starch is rapidly hydrolyzed. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Ammonia and nitrates utilized as sole sources of nitrogen. Urease-negative. Catalase-positive. Aerobic. Optimum temperature, 23° C.; grows between 5° and 30° C. Salt range: 0.25 to 6.0 per cent. Optimum, between 2.0 and 4.0 per cent. Source: Found in sea-water and, in the winter months, in the plankton; also found in fresh water and in sewage. Isolated both in Holland and in California. Along the coast of California it appears to be the most common species of marine agar-digester. Habitat: Widely distributed in sea water and also in fresh water.

19. Vibrio fuscus Stanier, 1941. (Jour. Bact., 4^, 1941,540.) fus'cus. L. adj. fiiscus dark or tawny. Small, slightly curved rods, 0.7 by 1.5 to 5.0 microns, usually occurring singly, some- times in short chains. Very actively motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. Not encapsulated. Gram-negative. Sea-water peptone agar colonies: 1 mm in diameter after 48 hours; round, smooth, glistening, translucent, entire, pale ^yellow and slightly sunken in the agar. Colonies several mm in diameter after 7 days, be- coming bright yellow, then pale brown. They are sharply sunken into the agar and are surrounded b}' a narrow, sharply de- fined gelase field. Liquefaction does not occur except on heavily seeded plates. Sea-water peptone agar slant : Fair growth after 48 hours, filiform, smooth, glistening, translucent, pale yellow, slightly sunken in the agar. Later a pale yellow, diffusible pigment may be produced, and the streak tends to become light brown in color. On old slants the agar is slightly liquefied. Sea-water nutrient gelatin slant: Fili- form, smooth, pale j-ellow growth after 48 hours with slight liquefaction; liquefaction almost complete after 7 days. Sea-water gelatin stab: Filiform growth after 48 hours with slight liquefaction; col- orless; growth best at surface. Later the liquefaction becomes stratiform and almost complete. Sea-water peptone broth: Good growth after 48 hours; turbid with a granular sedi- ment and yellow pellicle. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, xylose and cellobiose attacked. Arabinose not utilized. Cellulose is attacked to a slight extent, and agar is softened and sometimes liquefied. Chitin and alginic acid are not attacked. Starch not hydrolyzed. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Urease-negative. Catalase-positive. Aerobic. Optimum temperature, between 20° and 25° C. Grows between 5° and 30° C. Salt range, 1.0 to 5.0 per cent. Optimum, between 2.0 and 4.0 per cent. Source: Found only once in a marine cel- lulose-enrichment culture in California. Habitat: Presumably salt water.

20. Vibrio granii (Lundestad, 1928) Stanier, 1941. (Bacterium granii Lundestad, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 75, 1928, 330; Stan- ier, Jour. Bact., 42, 1941, 538.) gra'ni.i. M.L. gen. noun granii of Gran; named for Prof. H. H. Gran, who first de- tected agar-liquef3'ing bacteria. Rods, 0.6 to 0.8 by 1.4 to 2.4 microns, with