Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/260

 on neutral or f eebl}'^ alkaline media : a slight quantity of acid completely prevents growth and the production of luminescence. Lu- minescence occurs on organic matter only when a sufficient proportion of inorganic salt is present. Source: Isolated in Holland from coastal sea water, dead sea fish and Crustacea. Habitat: Found in coastal sea water, on dead fish, Crustacea and other salt-water animals, on meat and even on soldiers' wounds where they produce no known harm- ful effects. No food poisoning has ever been traced to meat on which these organisms have grown (Niven, Circular No. 2, Amer- ican Meat Inst. Foundation, 1951, 1-11).

13. Vibrio indicus (Beijerinck, 1889) Lehmann and Neumann, 1896. (Bacillus phosphorescens Fischer, Ztschr. f. Hyg., S, 1887, 58; also see Anonymous, Sitzber. d. Gesell. naturf. Freunde zu Berlin, 1886, 162; Photobacterium indicum Beijerinck, Arch. Need. d. Sci. Exact, et Natur., 23, 1889, 401; not Photobacterium phosphores- cens Beijerinck, loc. cit.; Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 341; Pseudomonas phosphorescens Bergej' et al.. Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 177.) in'di.cus. L. adj. indicus of India. Description taken from Fischer (op. cit., 1887, 58) and Beijerinck (op. cit., 1889, 401). Small, thick rods 2 to 3 times as long as wide with rounded ends; occasionally spiral and short, irregularly-curved filamentous forms are found. Motile. Stain lightly with aniline dyes. Gram-negative (Chester, 1897). Gelatin colonies: After 36 hours, small, circular, grayish white, punctiform. Lique- faction, forming a slightly concave surface. Blood serum: Grayish white, slimy growth. Potato: Thin, white laj'er in 2 to 3 days. Cooked fish: Abundant growth. Entire surface covered with a grayish white, slimy growth. Bluish white phosphorescence. Alkaline broth: Slight turbidity in 24 hours. Pellicle in 3 days. Acid broth: No turbidity. No phospho- rescence. Milk: No growth. No gas produced. Nitrates not reduced. Indigo-blue not readily reduced. Not pathogenic for laboratory animals. Salt tolerance: To assure phosphorescence and good growth, the osmotic tension of inorganic salt solutions used for cultivation should be equivalent to that produced in a 3 per cent sodium chloride solution. Optimum temperature for growth and luminescence, between 30° and 32° C. Min- imum, 15° C. Aerobic. Quality of luminescence: Bluish to green, persisting for 1 to 2 weeks. Distinctive character: Luminescence on organic matter occurs only when a sufficient proportion of inorganic salt is present. Source: Isolated from sea water of the West Indies. Habitat: Found in coastal sea water and on dead fish, Crustacea and other salt-water animals; they are also found on meat and even on soldiers' wounds where they pro- duce no known harmful effects. No food poisoning has been traced to meat on which these organisms have grown (Niven, Cir- cular No. 2, American Meat Inst. Founda- tion, 1951, 1-11).

14. Vibrio albensis Lehmann and Neu- mann, 1896. (Elbe vibrio, Dunbar, Deutsche med. Wochnschr., 19, 1893, 799; Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 340; Microspira dunbari Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 1013.) al.ben'sis. M.L. adj. aZftensj's pertaining to the (river) Elbe. Early descriptions merel.y report this organism as morphologically and culturally (except for phosphorescence and patho- genicity) indistinguishable from Vibrio comma. Some of the early workers even failed to observe phosphorescence. Descrip- tion taken from Gorham (in Dahlgren, Jour. Franklin Inst., 180, 1915, table following 714) and Warren (Jour. Bact., 49, 1945, 549); also see Sonnenschein (Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 123, 1931, 92). Curved rods, 1.2 by 2.1 microns, occurring singly and in pairs. Motile b}^ means of a single, polar flagellum. Not encapsulated. Gram-negative.