Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/256

 slender chains of cells are formed in old cultures. Motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. In the animal body the cells are nearly coccoid. Gram-negative. Gelatin colonies: Like those of Vibrio comma. Gelatin stab: Rapid, napiform liquefac- tion. Agar slant: Yellowish, plumose, moist, glistening growth. Broth: Turbid, with thin, white pellicle. Litmus milk: Acid, coagulated (eighth day) ; not peptonized. Potato: Delicate, brownish growth. Indole produced. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Maximum, less than 45° C. Pathogenic for pigeons, fowls and guinea pigs. Source: Isolated from fowl dead of a chol- era-like disease. Habitat: Found in the intestinal contents of chickens, pigeons and other animals suf- fering from a cholera-like disease.

4. Vibrio proteus Buchner, 1885. (Kom- mabacillus der cholera nostras, Finkler and Prior, Deutsche med. Wochenschr., 1884, 632; Buchner, Sitzungsber. d. Gesel. f. Morph. u. Physiol., Miinchen, Heft 1, 1885, 10.) pro'te .us. Gr. noun Proteus a sea-god who could change his form; M.L. mas.n. Proteus a generic name. Description supplemented by material taken from Lehmann and Neumann (Bakt. Diag., 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 541). Curved rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 2.4 microns, often pointed at both ends. Motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. Gram-negative. Gelatin colonies: Small, gray, circular, granular, entire; rapid liquefaction with the formation of large craters. Gelatin stab: Rapid, saccate liquefaction. Agar slant: Dirty grayish, plumose growth. Broth: Turbid, with fetid odor. Litmus milk: Slightly acid; coagulated; peptonized. Potato: Grayish, slimy layer. Indole not produced; indole reaction weak (Lehmann and Neumann). Hydrogen sulfide production very slight. Gas not produced from glucose. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 30° C. Source: Isolated from feces of patients suffering from cholera nostras (gastroen- teritis). Habitat: Found in the intestinal contents in cholera nostras and cholera infantum.

5. Vibrio sputigenus (Migula, 1900) Bergey et al., 1923. (Vibrio aus Sputum, Brix, Hyg. Rundschau, 4, 1894, 913; Micro- spira sputigena Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 981; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 80.) spu.ti'ge.nus. L. noun sputum spit, spu- tum; Gr. v. gennao to bear; M.L. adj. sputi- genus sputum-borne. Slightly curved rods, about the same size and form as those of Vibrio comma, occurring singly, occasionally three or four in a chain. Motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. Gram-negative. Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, slightly granular, yellowish, becoining brownish. Gelatin: Crateriform liquefaction. Agar slant: Grayish white, moist. Broth: Turbid, no pellicle formed. Litmus milk: Acid; coagulated. Potato: Thin, gray layer, spreading. Indole not produced. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Aerobic, facultative. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Source: Isolated from sputum.

6. Vibrio xenopus Schrire and Green- field, 1930. (Trans. Roy. Soc. So. Africa, 17, 1930, 309.) xe'no.pus. Gr. adj. xenus alien, strange; Gr. noun pus, podis a foot; M.L. mas.n. Xenopus strange foot, a genus of toads. Spiral forms, occurring singly and in pairs. Non-motile. Gram-negative. Gelatin stab: Slow, crateriform liquefac- tion. Agar colonies: Small, white, glistening, slimy, entire.