Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/200

 from that found in true xanthomonads. Likewise none of the three species liquefies gelatin. Neither do they show the gummy growth of true xanthomonads, and they differ in other important characteristics. The second group comprises eleven species which are not pathogenic to plants so far as is known. They have been isolated from the surface of leaves, soil and similar materials. All produce a non-water-soluble, yellow pigment, but no one has as yet undertaken a comparative study of cultures to determine which of these species, if any, are true xanthomonads.

I. Plant pathogens.
 * A. Non-motile.


 * B. Polar flagellate.
 * 1. Litmus milk alkaline. Pathogenic on 7ns spp.


 * 2. No change in litmus milk. Pathogenic on sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum.

II. Saprophytic species.
 * A. Gelatin liquefied.
 * 1. Nitrites produced from nitrates.
 * a. Acid but no gas from glucose.


 * aa. Action on glucose not recorded.


 * 2. Nitrites not produced from nitrates.
 * a. Litmus milk acid; ferments lactose.


 * aa. Litmus milk slimy, alkaline.

B. Gelatin not liquefied.
 * 1. Nitrites produced from nitrates.
 * a. Do not attack cellulose.
 * b. Does not attack phenol.


 * bb. Attacks phenol.


 * aa. Attack cellulose.
 * b. Litmus milk acid but no digestion.


 * bb. No growth in litmus milk.


 * 2. Nitrites not produced from nitrates; may or may not hydrolyze agar.
 * a. Butter-colored pellicle on litmus milk.


 * aa. No surface pellicle.

1. Xanthomonas stewartii (Erw. Smith, 1914) Dowson, 1939. (Sweet corn bacillus, Stewart, N. Y. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 130, 1897, 423; Bacterium stewarti (sic) Smith, Bacteria in Relation to Plant Diseases, S, 1914, 89; Xanthomonas stewarti (sic) Dow- son, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)