Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/199

 Optimum temperature, 30° C. Optimum pH, 6.8 to 8.0. Source: Isolated many times from mot- tled stripe of sugar cane in Louisiana. Habitat: Pathogenic on sugar cane. Johnson's grass and sorghum

58. Xanthomonas cannae (Bryan, 1921) Savulescu, 1947. (Bacterium cannae Bryan, Jour. Agr. Res., 21, 1921, 152; Sivulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 1947, 12.) can'nae. Gr. carina a reed; M.L. fem.n. Canna generic name; M.L. gen. noun cannae of Canna. Rods 0.5 to 0.7 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. Encapsulated. Motile with 1 to 3 polar flagella. Gram-negative. Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. Agar slants: Growth filiform, white, moist, with thin margins and granular centers. Broth: Turbid; heavy sediment. Milk: Alkaline and clears. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced. No acid produced from carbohydrates. Temperature relations: Optimum, 35° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 40° C. Aerobic. Source: Isolated from diseased canna leaves collected in Washington, D. C. and in Illinois. Habitat: Causes a disease in Canna indica.

59. Xanthomonas conjac (Uyeda, 1910) Burkholder, 1948. {Pseudomonas conjac Uyeda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 24, 1910, 182; Burkholder, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 171.) con'jac. M.L. conjac the specific epithet of Amorphophallus konjac, the host. Description from Elliott (Man. Bact. Plant Path., 19,30, 121). Rods 0.75 to 1.0 by 1.5 microns. Motile with 1 to 4 polar flagella. Presumably Gram- negative although the original description records this species as Gram-positive (Burk- holder). Gelatin colonies: Circular to irregular, light yellow. Broth : Pellicle formed. Milk: Coagulated. Conjac: Liquefied. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Indole produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced. Gas from glucose. Optimum temperature, 24° C. Habitat: Pathogenic on Amorphophallus konjac.

60. Xanthomonas zingiberi (Uyeda, 1908) SSvulescu, 1947. (Eine neue species, Uyeda, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 17, 1907, 383; Pseudomonas zingiheri Uyeda, Rept. Imp. Agr. Exp. Sta., Japan, No. 35, 1908, 114; Savulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 1947, 13.) zin.gi'be.ri. Gr. indecl. zingiheri ginger. Description from Stapp (in Sorauer, Handb. d. Pflanzenkrank., 2, 5 Aufl., 1928, 65). Rods 0.5 to 1.1 by 0.75 to 1.8 microns. Non-motile at first, later a polar flagellum develops. Gram-negative. Gelatin: Liquefied. Agar colonies: White. Milk: Coagulation and peptonization of the casein. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced. No gas from glucose. Temperature relations: Optimum, 28° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 40° C. Source: Isolated from ginger plant show- ing a rot at the base of the sprouts. Habitat: Pathogenic on ginger. Zingiber officinale.

Addendum: Species incertae sedis. Two additional groups of yellow, polar-flagellate species are described in this addendum although they are not typical of the genus Xanthomonas in all respects. The first is a group of three species of plant pathogens. One of these species is non-motile, but it appears to be closely related to the two polar-flagellate species with which it is associated. Plant pathologists have placed these three species in Xanthomonas even though they do not possess all of the characteristics of the species in this genus sensu stricto. The non-water-soluble, yellow pigment differs