Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/197

 Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Non-Iipolytic. Tyrosine in a caseinate medium: Growtli slight; no color reaction. Carbohj'drate utilization difficult to determine because of meager growth. Glu- cose, sucrose and trehalose probably uti- lized. Lactose, maltose, raffinose, dulcitol, gl,ycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, dextrin, inulin, aesculin and salicin utilization doubtful. Starch hydrolyzed. Pectate medium not liquefied. Temperature relations: Optimum, 30° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 37° C. Moderate growth in broth plus 1 per cent NaCl; no growth with 1.5 per cent NaCl. Chemical tolerance: Optimum pH be- tween 6.6 and 7.6. Minimum, 5.8. Source: Isolated from diseased grass, Axonopus scoparius, in Colombia. Habitat: Pathogenic on Axonopvs spp.

52. Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama, 1926) Dowson, 1943. (Pseudo- monas oryzae Uyeda and Ishiyama, Proc. Third Pan-Pacific Sci. Congr., Tokyo, 2, 1926, 2112; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 12.) o.ry'zae. Gr. oryza rice; M.L. fem.n. Oryza generic name of rice; M.L. gen. noun oryzae of Oryza. Rods 0.5 to 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram- negative. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Nutrient agar colonies: Circular, smooth, glistening, wax-j-ellow. Milk: Slightly acid. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Hydrogen sulfide produced. Acid but no gas from glucose, lactose and sucrose. Optimum temperature, between 26° and 30° C. Strict aerobe. Source: Isolated from a leaf blight of rice. Habitat: Pathogenic on rice, Oryza saliva.

53. Xanthomonas celebensis (Giiu- mann, 1923) Dowson, 1943. {Fseiidomonas celebensis Gaumann, Ztschr. f. Pflanzen- krank., SS, 1923, 11; Meded. Inst, voor Plantenziek., Buitenzorg, 59, 1923, 17; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 11.) ce.le.ben'sis. Celebes, an island name; M.L. adj. celebensis of Celebes. Rods 0.9 by 1.5 microns. Motile by a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative. Agar colonies: Graj'ish yellow. Broth: Thin pellicle. Milk: Coagulated and cleared. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Sodium selenite: Brick red. Starch hydrolyzed. Source: From vascular bundles of dis- eased bananas from the Celebes. Habitat: Causes the blood disease of banana.

54. Xanthomonas panici (Elliott, 1923) Savulescu, 1947. (Bacterium panici Elliott, Jour. Agr. Res., 26, 1923, 157; Sivulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 1947, 11.) pa'ni.ci. L. panicum Italian panic grass; M.L. neut.n. Panicum generic name; M.L. gen. noun panici of Panicum. Rods 0.69 by 1.66 microns. Encapsu- lated. Motile with 1, rarely 2, polar flagella. Gram-negative. Gelatin: Liquefaction slow. Beef agar colonies: Circular, white, smooth, glistening, margins at first entire, later undulate. Broth: Moderate turbidity in 24 hours. Thin pellicle. Medium brownish. Milk: Alkaline and clears. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced. No acid or gas from carbohydrates. Starch: Hydrolysis moderate. Temperature relations: Optimum, 33° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 45° C. pH range for growth, pH 5.4 to 10.0. Optimum pH, between 6.15 and 6.3. Aerobic. Distinctive characters: Differs from Pseudomonas andropogoni in that it liquefies gelatin, produces nitrites from nitrates and does not infect sorghum and broom corn. Source: Isolation from water-soaked le- sions on leaves, sheaths and culms of millet collected in Wisconsin and in S. Dakota. Habitat: Pathogenic on i)roso millet, Panicum miliaceum.