Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/194

 Milk: Casein precipitated and milk cleared; alkaline.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Acid but no gas from glucose, d-galactose, xylose, d-mannose, l-arabinose, sucrose, lactose, raffinose, trehalose, d-mannitol and glycerol. No acid from maltose or rhamnose.

Starch not hydrolyzed.

Pectate medium liquefied.

Optimum temperature, between 25° and 30° C.

Tolerates 4 per cent salt at pH 7.

Aerobic.

Source: Two original isolations from diseased carrots and a reisolation from inoculated carrots were used for the description.

Habitat: Pathogenic on leaves of Daucus carota var. sativa.

43. Xanthomonas hederae (Arnaud, 1920) Dowson, 1939. (Bacterium hederae Arnaud, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 171, 1920, 121; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)

he'de.rae. L. hedera the ivy; M.L. fem.n. Hedera generic name of ivy; M.L. gen.noun. hederae of ivy.

Description taken from Burkholder and Guterman (Phytopath., 22, 1932, 783).

Rods 0.6 by 2.13 microns. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-extract-agar slants: Growth good, filiform, amber-yellow, butyrous.

Broth: Turbid.

Milk: Casein precipitated and digested. Milk becomes alkaline.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Hydrogen sulfide produced.

Indole not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).

Acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, xylose, sucrose, lactose and glycerol. Alkali from salts of acetic, citric, lactic, malic and succinic acids. The following are not utilized: arabinose, rhamnose, maltose, salicin, cellulose and formic acid.

Starch not hydrolyzed.

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Aerobic, facultative.

Source: Isolated from diseased ivy leaves.

Habitat: Pathogenic on ivy, Hedera helix.

44. Xanthomonas phormicola (Takimoto, 1933) Dowson, 1943. (Bacterium phormicola Takimoto, Jour. Plant Protect., 20, 1933, 777; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 12.)

phor.mi'co.la. Gr. dim. phormium the name of a plant; M.L. neut.n. Phormium generic name of New Zealand flax; L. v. colo to dwell; M.L. fem.n. phormicola the Phormium dweller.

Description translated by Dr. K. Togashi.

Rods 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a single flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Agar colonies: Light yellow, then waxy yellow; butyrous, then viscid.

Broth: Turbid; pellicle formed.

Milk: Casein coagulated slowly and precipitated, then digested. Alkaline.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide produced.

No gas from sucrose, glucose, lactose or glycerol.

No acid from various sugars in broth.

Temperature relations: Optimum, about 29° C. Minimum, about 0° C. Maximum, 39° C.

Aerobic.

Source: Species isolated from New Zealand flax, Phormium tenax.

Habitat: Causes a leaf stripe of Phormium tenax.

45. Xanthomonas geranii (Burkholder, 1937) Dowson, 1939. (Phytomonas geranii Burkholder, Phytopath., 27, 1937, 560; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)

ge.ra'ni.i. Gr. geranium geranium, crane's bill; M.L. neut.n. Geranium generic name; M.L. gen.noun geranii of Geranium.

Rods 0.75 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-extract agar slants: Moderate to