Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/192

 variety of the latter species, it is not pathogenic on horseradish. Originally isolated from leaf spots of radishes and turnips in Indiana.

Source: Isolated from spotted tomato fruits in South Africa.

Habitat: Pathogenic on tomatoes, Lycopersicon esculentum, and peppers, Capsicum annuum.

37. Xanthomonas vignicola Burkholder, 1944. (Phytopath., 34, 1944, 431.)

vig.ni'co.la. M.L. fem.n. Vigna generic name of host; L. v. colo to dwell; M.L. fem.n. vignicola the Vigna dweller.

Rods 0.7 (0.46 to 0.92) by 1.76 (1.0 to 2.8) microns. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-extract peptone agar slant: Filiform, glistening, edges entire, primuline-yellow, butyrous.

Broth: Turbid in 48 hours; heavy ring; no pellicle.

Litmus milk: Light curd becoming solid. Slow peptonization with crystal formation. Litmus reduced. Brownish syrup at end of 6 weeks.

Hydrogen sulfide produced.

Indole not produced.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Asparagine and tyrosine not utilized as carbon-nitrogen sources. Tyrosine broken down to a brownish pigment in other media.

Lipolytic.

Salt tolerance: 2 per cent retards and 3 per cent inhibits growth.

Acid but no gas from glucose, galactose, lactose, maltose, sucrose and raffinose. Alkaline reactions with salts of citric and malic acids. Fructose, l-arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, glycerol, salicin and the sodium salts of lactic, formic, succinic, tartaric and hippuric acids not attacked.

Starch hydrolyzed.

Pectate medium liquefied.

Aerobic.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 27° and 30° C. Minimum, between 6° and 9° C. Maximum, 37° C.

Source: Six isolates from cankers of cowpea stems.

Habitat: Causes canker disease of cowpeas, Vigna spp., and disease of the red kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris.

38. Xanthomonas nakatae (Okabe, 1933) Dowson, 1943. (Bacterium nakatae Type B, Okabe, Jour. Soc. Trop. Agr., Formosa, 5, 1933, 161; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 12.)

na'ka.tae. Named for K. Nakata, a Japanese plant pathologist; M.L. gen.noun nakatae of Nakata.

Rods 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.1 to 2.5 microns. Encapsulated. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied. Brown color.

Beef-extract agar colonies: Amber-yellow, circular, smooth, glistening, margins entire. Medium turns brown.

Broth: Moderate turbidity with yellow ring. Medium turns brown.

Milk: Casein precipitated and digested. Tyrosine crystals produced. Brown color.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide produced (slight).

Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose, maltose and lactose.

Starch: Active hydrolysis.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 30° and 32° C. Minimum, 10° C. Maximum, 39° C.

No growth in beef extract broth plus 2 per cent salt.

Aerobic.

Distinctive character: Differs from Type A in that it produces a brown pigment in culture. (Description of Type A not seen.)

Source: Isolated from water-soaked to brown leaf spots on jute.

Habitat: Pathogenic on jute, Corchorus capsularis.

39. Xanthomonas papavericola (Bryan and McWhorter, 1930) Dowson, 1939. (Bacterium papavericola Bryan and McWhorter, Jour. Agr. Res., 40, 1930, 9; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)

pa.pa.ve.ri'co.la. L. papaver the poppy; M.L. neut.n. Papaver generic name of poppy; L. V. colo to dwell; M.L. fem.n. papavericola poppy dweller.

Rods, 0.6 to 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.7 microns, occurring in chains. Encapsulated. Motile