Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/186

 Habitat: Pathogenic on flowering stocks.

22. Xanthomonas juglandis (Pierce, 1901) Dowson, 1939. (Pseudomonas juglandis Pierce, Bot. Gaz., 31, 1901, 272; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)

jug.lan'dis. L. juglans, juglandis the walnut; M.L. fem.n. Juglans generic name of walnut; M.L. gen.noun juglandis of the walnut.

Description from Miller, Bollen, Simmons, Gross and Barss (Phytopath., 30, 1940, 731).

Rods 0.5 to 0.7 by 1.1 to 3.8 microns. Motile with a polar flagellum. Encapsulated. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Nutrient glucose-agar streaks: Growth abundant, filiform, convex, glistening, smooth, opaque, pale lemon-yellow, viscid.

Broth: Turbid. Ring formed in 2 to 5 days.

Milk: Enzymatic curd that is slowly digested. Litmus reduced. Crystal formation (Burkholder).

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Nitrogen sources utilized are peptone, aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, sodium ammonium phosphate, allantoin, tyrosine, uric acid and brucine.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced on lead acetate agar. H2S produced after ZoBell and Feltham's method (Burkholder).

Selenium dioxide reduced.

Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).

Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, xylose, raffinose, mannitol, glycerol and starch. Alkali from salts of citric, lactic, malic and succinic acids. Arabinose, rhamnose, dulcitol, salicin, inulin and cellulose not utilized.

Starch hydrolyzed.

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 28° and 32° C. Minimum, between 5° and 7° C. Maximum, 37° C. Thermal death point, between 53° and 55° C.

pH range for growth, 5.2 to 10.5. Optimum pH, between 6 and 8.

Source: Isolated from black spots on the leaves and nuts of English walnuts, Juglans regia. Habitat: Pathogenic on the walnut, Juglans spp.

23. Xanthomonas lespedezae (Ayers et al., 1939) Starr, 1946. (Phytomonas lespedezae Ayers, Lefebvre and Johnson, U. S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 704, 1939, 19; Starr, Jour. Bact., 51, 1946, 136.)

les.pe.de'zae. Named after Lespedez; M.L. fem.n. Lespedeza generic name; M.L. gen.noun lespedezae of Lespedeza. Rods, 0.56 by 1.62 microns, occurring singly, in pairs, or occasionally in short chains. Encapsulated. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Nutrient agar colonies: Circular, raised, glistening, translucent, viscid, yellow.

Broth: Turbid in 48 hours.

Milk: Peptonized; becomes alkaline.

Blood serum and egg albumin: Liquefied.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole produced after 11 days.

Hydrogen sulfide produced.

No gas from carbohydrates.

Starch hydrolyzed.

Pectate medium liquefied.

Aerobic.

Temperature relations: Optimum, near 35°C. No growth at 5°C. or at 40°C.

Source: Isolated from diseased Lespedeza spp. collected in Virginia, New York and Illinois.

Habitat: Pathogenic on Lespedeza spp.

24. Xanthomonas maculifoliigardeniae (Ark, 1946) Elrod and Braun, 1947. (Phytomonas maculifolium-gardeniae (sic) Ark, Phytopath., 36, 1946, 867; Xanthomonas maculafoliumgardeniae (sic) Elrod and Braun, Jour. Bact., 53, 1947, 515.)

ma.cu.li.fo'li.i.gar.de'ni.ae. L. fem.n. macula a spot; L. neut.n. folium a leaf; M.L. neut.n. maculifolium a leaf spot; M.L. fem.n. Gardenia the generic name of the host; gardeniae of gardenia; M.L. gen.noun maculifoliigardeniae of leaf spot of gardenia.

Rods 0.3 to 0.5 by 1.6 to 2.0 microns. Encapsulated. Motile with 1 to 2 polar flagella. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.

Beef-peptone agar colonies: Growth