Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/179

 Source: Smith isolated this pathogen from Japanese plums.

Habitat: Pathogenic on plum (Prunus salicina), peach (P. persica), apricot (P. armeniaca), etc.

3. Xanthomonas vitians (Brown, 1918) Dowson, 1943. (Bacterium vitians Brown, Jour. Agr. Res., 13, 1918, 379; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 13.)

vi'ti.ans. L. vitio to injure; L. part. adj. vitians injuring.

Rods. Motile with bipolar flagella. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.

Beef-extract agar colonies: Circular, smooth, thin, cream to cream-yellow.

Broth: Turbid with yellow ring.

Milk: Clears and turns alkaline.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole: Feeble production.

Hydrogen sulfide: Feeble production.

Acid but no gas from glucose.

Starch: Feeble hydrolysis.

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 26° and 28° C. Minimum, 0° C. Maximum, 35° C.

Aerobic.

Source: Isolated from the stem of diseased lettuce plants from South Carolina.

Habitat: Pathogenic on lettuce, Lactuca sativa.

4. Xanthomonas beticola (Smith et al., 1911) Săvulescu, 1947. (Bacterium beticolum Smith, Brown and Townsend, U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Ind., Bul. 213, 1911, 194; Săvulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 1947, 12).

be.ti'co.la. L. beta the beet; L. v. colo to inhabit; M.L. noun beticola the beet dweller.

Description from Brown, Jour. Agr. Res., 37, 1928, 167, where the species is referred to as Bacterium beticola (Smith, Brown and Townsend) Potebnia.

Rods 0.4 to 0.8 by 0.6 to 2.0 microns. Motile with 1 to 4 polar flagella. Encapsulated. Presumably Gram-negative although originally reported as Gram-variable.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-agar slants: Growth moderate, filiform, flat, glistening, yellow.

Broth: Turbid, yellow ring, abundant sediment.

Milk: Coagulation and peptonization.

Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced.

Nitrites produced from nitrates.

Acid from glucose, sucrose, maltose and mannitol. No acid from lactose.

Starch hydrolysis feeble.

Temperature relations: Optimum, 29° C. Minimum, 1.5° C. Maximum, 39° C.

Chemical tolerance: Optimum pH, 6.5. Minimum, between 4.5 and 4.8. Maximum, between 9.0 and 9.5.

Tolerates salt up to 9 per cent.

Aerobic.

Comment: It is doubtful whether this species belongs in this genus.

Source: Isolated from galls on sugar beets collected in Colorado, Kansas and Virginia.

Habitat: Produces galls on sugar beets and on garden beets.

5. Xanthomonas rubrilineans (Lee et al., 1925) Starr and Burkholder, 1942. (Phytomonas rubrilineans Lee, Purdy, Barnum and Martin, Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Assoc. Bul., 1925, 25; Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600.)

ru.bri.li'ne.ans. L. ruber red; lineo to make a straight line; rubrilineans making red stripes.

Rods 0.7 by 1.67 microns. Motile with 1 or seldom more polar flagella. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Agar (Beef-extract + glucose) colonies: Small, smooth, glistening, buff to yellow.

Broth: Turbid with pellicle. Sediment.

Milk: Casein precipitated and digested.

Nitrites produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).

Acid from glucose, fructose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose and mannitol.

Starch: Slight hydrolysis.

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Growth range, pH 5.4 to pH 7.3.

Aerobic, facultative.