Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/178

 :T. Attacks members of the family Rubiaceae.
 * U. Attacks members of the family Rutaceae.


 * V. Attacks members of the family Scrophulariaceae.


 * W. Attack members of the family Solanaceae.


 * X. Attacks members of the family Tiliaceae.


 * Y. Attacks members of the family Umbelliferae.


 * Z. Attacks members of the family Verbenaceae.

1. Xanthomonas hyacinthi (Wakker, 1883) Dowson, 1939. (Bacterium hyacinthi Wakker, Botan. Centralblatt, 14, 1883, 315; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 188.)

hy.a.cin' thi. Gr. hyacinthus the hyacinth; M.L. mas.n. Hyacinthus generic name; M.L. gen.noun hyacinthi of hyacinth.

Description from Smith (Div. Veg. Phys. and Path., U. S. D. A. Bul. 26, 1901, 40); additional characters determined by Burkholder.

Rods 0.4 to 0.6 by 0.8 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a polar flagellum. Filaments present. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.

Agar colonies: Circular, flat, moist, shining, bright yellow. Media stained brown.

Milk: Casein is precipitated and digested. Tyrosine crystals produced.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole: Slight production.

Hydrogen sulfide produced.

Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, galactose, maltose, salicin and ethyl alcohol. Slight acid from xylose. Alkaline reaction in citrate. Mannitol, dulcitol and malonate not utilized.

Starch: Hydrolysis slight.

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 28° and 30° C. Minimum, 4° C. Maximum, between 34° and 35° C.

Aerobic, with the exception of maltose, where it is facultatively anaerobic.

Habitat: Produces a yellow rot of hyacinth bulbs, Hyacinthus orientalis.

2. Xanthomonas pruni (Erw. Smith, 1903) Dowson, 1939. (Pseudomonas pruni Erw. Smith, Science, N. S. 17, 1903, 456; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)

pru'ni. L. prunus plum; M.L. fem.n. Prunus generic name; M.L. gen.noun pruni of Prunus.

Description from Dunegan (U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bull. 273, 1932, 23).

Rods 0.2 to 0.4 by 0.8 to 1.0 micron. Encapsulated. Motile with a polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-extract agar colonies: Yellow, circular, smooth, convex, edges entire.

Broth: Turbid becoming viscid.

Milk: Precipitation of casein; digestion.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced (Burkholder).

Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).

Acid from arabinose, xylose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose and melezitose.

Starch is hydrolyzed (slight).

Pectate medium not liquefied.

Aerobic.

Temperature relations: Optimum, between 24° and 29° C. Maximum, 37° C.