Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/150

 Agar slants: Moderate growth in 24 hours, filiform, glistening, grayish white. Broth: Turbid with a scum in 5 days.

Milk: Alkaline, soft curd, clears.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601).

Acid but no gas from glucose, galactose and sucrose.

Starch not hydrolyzed.

Temperature relations: Optimum between 27° and 28° C. Minimum, 7° C. Maximum, 37.5° C.

Aerobic.

Source: Ten cultures isolated from 5 collections of diseased peas showing water-soaked lesions on stems and petioles.

Habitat: Pathogenic on garden peas, Pisum sativum, and field peas, P. sativum var. arvense.

77. Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, 1902. (Kennis der Bakt. Pflanzenziekte, Inaug. Diss., Amsterdam, 1902, 191.)

sy.rin'gae. Gr. syrinx, syringis a pipe or tube; M.L. fem.noun Syringa generic name of syringa or lilac; M.L. fem.gen.noun. syringae of the lilac.

Description from Clara (Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 159, 1934, 29).

Rods 0.75 to 1.5 by 1.5 to 3.0 microns. Motile with 1 or 2 polar flagella. Gram-negative.

Green fluorescent pigment produced in culture.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-extract agar colonies: Circular, grayish white with bluish tinge. Surface smooth. Edges entire or irregular.

Broth: Turbid in 36 hours. No pellicle.

Milk: Alkaline.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601).

Slight growth in broth plus 4 per cent salt.

Acid but no gas from glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, sucrose, mannitol and glycerol. Alkaline reaction from salts of citric, malic, succinic and lactic acids. Rhamnose, maltose, lactose, raffinose, salicin, and acetic, formic and tartaric acids not fermented.

Starch not hydrolyzed.

Aerobic, facultative.

Comment: Orsini (Intern. Bull. Plant Protect., 33, 1942, 33) reports that a variety of this species is pathogenic on the pepper plant (Capsicum). Source: Van Hall originally isolated this pathogen from lilac.

Habitat: Pathogenic on lilac, citrus, cow peas, beans, lemons, cherries and many unrelated plants.

78. Pseudomonas tomato (Okabe, 1933) Alstatt, 1944. (Bacterium tomato Okabe, Jour. Soc. Trop. Agr. Formosa, 5, 1933, 32; Alstatt, U. S. Dept. Agr., Plant Dis. Rept., 28, 1944, 530.)

to.ma'to. Am.Ind. tomatl; Sp. tomate; Eng. tomato; M.L. noun tomato. Rods 0.69 to 0.97 by 1.8 to 6.8 microns. Motile with 1 to 3 polar flagella. Gram-negative.

Green fluorescent pigment produced in culture.

Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.

Beef-extract agar colonies: White, circular, flat and glistening.

Broth: Turbid in 24 hours. Pellicle.

Milk: Becomes alkaline and clears.

Nitrites are usually produced from nitrates.

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose and lactose. No acid from maltose or glycerol.

Starch hydrolysis feeble.

Slight growth in 3 per cent salt.

Temperature relations: Optimum between 20° and 25° C. Maximum, 33° C.

Aerobic.

Source: Isolated from diseased tomato leaves.

Habitat: Pathogenic on tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum.

79. Pseudomonas atrofaciens (McCulloch, 1920) Stevens, 1925. (Bacterium atrofaciens McCulloch, Jour. Agr. Res., 18, 1920, 549; Stevens, Plant Disease Fungi, New York, 1925, 22.)