Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/147

 Elliott, Jour. Agr. Res., 19, 1920, 153; Stevens, Plant Disease Fungi, 1925, 27.)

co.ro.na.fa'ci.ens. L. corona crown; L. facio to make; M.L. part.adj. coronafaciens halo-producing.

Rods, 0.65 by 2.3 microns, occurring in chains. Motile with polar flagella. Encapsulated. Gram-negative.

Green fluorescent pigment produced in culture.

Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.

Nutrient agar colonies: White, becoming irregularly circular, flat with raised margins.

Broth: Slight turbidity in 24 hours. Heavy pellicle formed.

Milk: Alkaline. A soft curd formed followed by clearing. Curd sometimes absent.

Test for nitrites produced in nitrate broth negative or faint (Burkholder and Starr, Phytopath., 38, 1948, 498).

Indole not produced.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601).

Acid but no gas from glucose and sucrose. Starch hydrolysis slight.

Slight growth in broth plus 2 per cent salt.

Temperature relations: Optimum between 24° and 25° C. Minimum, 1° C. Maximum, 31° C.

Comment: A variety pathogenic on brome-grass, Bromus inermis, has been described by Reddy and Godkin (Phytopath., 13, 1923, 81). Produces water-soaked spots which are dark purple in color. Has been artificially inoculated on oats (Avena saliva). Also pathogenic on Agropyron repens. Source: Numerous isolations from blighted blades of oats.

Habitat: Causes a halo spot on oats (Avena saliva). Artificial inoculations show barley (Hordeum vulgare), rye (Secale cereale) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) to be susceptible.

70. Pseudomonas lachrymans (Smith and Bryan, 1915) Carsner, 1918. (Bacterium lachrymans Smith and Bryan, Jour. Agr. Res., 5, 1915, 466; Carsner, Jour. Agr. Res., 15, 1918, 201.)

lach'ry.mans. L. lacrimo to shed tears; M.L. part.adj. lachrymans shedding tears.

Description from Smith and Bryan (op. cit., 1915, 466) and Clara (Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 159, 1934,26).

Rods 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. Motile with 1 to 5 polar flagella. Encapsulated. Gram-negative.

Green fluorescent pigment produced in culture.

Gelatin: Liquefied.

Beef-peptone agar colonies: Circular, smooth, glistening, transparent, whitish, entire margins.

Broth: Turbid in 24 hours. White precipitate with crystals.

Milk: Turns alkaline and clears.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Indole reaction weak.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601).

Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, sucrose and mannitol. Alkaline reaction from salts of citric, malic and succinic acids. Maltose, rhamnose, lactose, raffinose, glycerol and salicin not fermented (Clara, op. cit., 1934, 26).

Starch partially digested. Not digested (Clara, loc. cit.).

Growth in 3 per cent salt after 12 days. No growth in 4 per cent salt.

Temperature relations: Optimum between 25° and 27° C. Minimum, 1° C. Maximum, 35° C.

Aerobic, facultative (Clara, loc. cit.).

Source: Isolated from diseased cucumber leaves collected in New York, Wisconsin, Indiana and in Ontario, Canada.

Habitat: Pathogenic on cucumber, Cucumis sativus, and related plants.

71. Pseudomonas maculicola (McCulloch, 1911) Stevens, 1913. (Bacterium maculicolum McCulloch, U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Ind. Bul., 225, 1911, 14; Stevens, The Fungi which cause Plant Diseases, 1913, 28.)

ma.cu.li'co.la. L. macula spot; L. -cola a dweller; M.L. noun maculicola spot dweller.

Rods 0.9 by 1.5 to 3.0 microns. Filaments present. Motile with 1 to 5 polar flagella. Gram-negative.