Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/142

 Thin rods, 0.5 to 0.8 by 1.5 to 3.6 microns, with rounded ends, often staining irregularly. Motile, with one polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin colonies: Circular, light brown in color (large colonies show CaCO3 crystals).

Gelatin stab : Surface growth with filiform growth in depth. Liquefaction starts at bottom.

Agar colonies (sea water); Grayish white, glistening. In two to three weeks crystals of calcium carbonate form in the agar.

Agar slant: Slight, whitish surface growth becoming thick, spreading, glistening, with abundant CaCO3 crystals in medium.

Ammonia formed.

Aerobic, facultative.

Optimum temperature, 20° C.

Source : Isolated from sea water.

Habitat: Sea water.

56a. Pseudomonas halestorga Elazari-Volcani, 1940. (Pseudomonas halestorgus (sic) Elazari-Volcani, Studies on the Microflora of the Dead Sea. Thesis, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 1940, VIII and 82.)

hal.e'stor.ga. Gr. noun hale salt water; Gr. adj. storgus loving; M.L. adj. halestorgus salt-water-loving.

Rods, the length of which varies greatly depending on the concentrations of salt: at 3 to 24 per cent, they are usually 0.5 by 1.3 to 4.0 microns, occurring singly and in pairs; in 0.5 and 30 per cent salt and in Dead Sea water, the rods are usually very long, twisted threads. Motile by means of a single, polar flagellum. Gram-negative.

Gelatin stab (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent proteose peptone, 15 per cent gelatin) : Filiform, very slight infundibuliform liquefaction after six weeks. Agar colonies (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent proteose peptone, 2 per cent KNO3) : Circular, smooth, entire, slightly convex, glistening, slightly transparent, grayish.

Agar slant (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent proteose peptone, 2 per cent KNO3) : Moderate, filiform, raised, smooth, slightly transparent, grayish growth.

Broth (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent peptone): Very turbid; whitish pellicle is formed.

Indole not produced.

No acid or gas from glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, arabinose, xylose, raffinose, inulin, dextrin, glycerol, mannitol or salicin.

Starch not hydrolyzed.

Nitrites are produced from nitrates; no gas is produced.

Aerobic.

Optimum temperature, 30° C.

Salt tolerance: Halotolerant, growing slightly in 0.5 per cent salt, strongly in 3 to 30 per cent salt and moderately in Dead Sea water.

Source: Isolated from the water of the Dead Sea.

Habitat: Found in places where the salt content of water is high.

57. Pseudomonas iridescens Stanier, 1941. (Jour. Bact., 43, 1941, 542.)

ir.id.es'cens. Gr. fem.noun iris, -idis the rainbow; M.L. part. adj. iridescens showing colors of the rainbow.

Rods, 0.2 to 0.3 by 1.5 to 7.0 microns, average length 5.0 to 6.0 microns, occurring singly. Non-motile. Gram-negative.

Sea water gelatin stab: Filiform growth. Liquefaction by some strains.

Sea water agar colonies: Concave, 2 to 3 mm in diameter, smooth, glistening, translucent, pale yellow, edge irregular. After 2 to 3 days a marked iridescence. Later colonies rough, opaque, bright yellow, sunken central portion with translucent periphery.

Sea water agar slant: Growth spreading, smooth, glistening, translucent, pale yellow, iridescent, butyrous.

Sea water broth: Turbid, light yellow, granular pellicle.

Indole not produced.

Nitrites not produced from nitrates.

Hydrogen sulfide not produced.

Catalase-positive.

Urease-negative.

Acid from xylose, glucose, galactose, lactose, maltose, sucrose and cellobiose. No acid from arabinose. Starch and cellulose are attacked.

Aerobic. Temperature relations: Optimum, 23° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 30° C.