Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/129

 Potato: Viscous, creamy, spreading, becoming dark.

Catalase-positive.

Indole not produced.

Nitrites produced from nitrates.

No acid from carbohydrates.

Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced.

Aerobic.

Optimum temperature, 28° C. Grows at 37° C.

Distinguishing character: The pigment, iodinin, is readily formed in any medium containing soluble nitrogenous compounds. Potassium and sodium citrates markedly stimulate pigment production. Yeast extract is inhibitory to formation of iodinin, which is soluble in benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, carbon disulfide and ethyl acetate. Such solutions are ruby red. The pigment, like pyocyanin and chlororaphine, is a phenazine derivative.

Source: Isolated from milk.

Habitat: Unknown.

19. Pseudomonas smaragdina (Mez, 1898) Migula, 1900. (Bacillus smaragdinus foetidus Reiman, Inaug. Dissertation, Würzburg, 1887; Bacterium smaragdinum Mez, Mikroskopische Wasseranalyse, Berlin, 1898, 49; Migula, Svst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 890.)

sma.rag′di.na. Gr. adj. smaragdinus of smaragdus, emerald-green.

Small rods, occurring singly. Non-motile. Gram-negative.

Gelatin colonies: Small, convex, irregular, whitish with greenish shimmer.

Gelatin stab: Slight surface growth. Infundibuliform liquefaction. The liquefied medium becomes light emerald-green in color.

Agar colonies: Small, brownish yellow, convex.

Agar slant: Abundant growth with greenish fluorescence.

Broth: Turbid.

Litmus milk: Not coagulated.

Potato: Dark brown, becoming chocolate-brown.

Indole not produced.

Nitrates not reduced.

The cultures give off an odor resembling jasmine.

Aerobic, facultative.

Optimum temperature, 37° C.

Subcutaneous and intravenous inoculations into rabbits cause death in 36 to 48 hours.

Source: Isolated from nasal secretions in ozena.

Habitat: Unknown.

20. Pseudomonas putida (Trevisan, 1889) Migula, 1895. (Bacillus fluorescens putidus Flügge, Die Mikroorganismen, 2 Aufl., 1886, 288; Bacillus putidus Trevisan, I gen. e le specie d. Batteriacee, 1889, 18; Migula, in Engler and Prantl, Die natür. Pflanzenfam., 1, 1a, 1895, 29.)

pu′ti.da. L. adj. putidus stinking, fetid.

Rods with rounded ends. Motile, possessing polar flagella. Gram-negative.

Gelatin colonies: Small, finely granular, fluorescent with dark center, surrounded by a yellow zone, with pale gray margin.

Gelatin stab: Dirty white surface growth, becoming greenish, fluorescent. No liquefaction.

Agar colonies: Circular, raised, smooth, amorphous, entire, with fluorescent zone around the periphery.

Agar slant: Yellowish green layer, becoming fluorescent.

Broth: Turbid, fluorescent.

Litmus milk: Unchanged.

Potato: Thin, gray to brownish, slimy layer.

Cultures give off odor of trimethylamine.

Indole not produced.

Nitrites produced from nitrates.

Aerobic, facultative.

Temperature relations: Optimum, 25° C. Will grow at 37° C. (Reid et al., Penn. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bull. 422, 1942,9).

Relationship to other species: Identical with Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula according to Lehmann and Neumann (Bact. Diag., 1, Aufl., 2, 1896, 271) except that it does not liquefy gelatin. See Pseudomonas eisenbergii Migula.

Source: Isolated from putrid materials.

Habitat: Putrefying materials; water.

21. Pseudomonas striata Chester, 1901. (Bacillus striatus viridis Ravenel, Memoirs