Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/1045

 slightl}' in size on further incubation; light brown on potato; Straus reaction pro- duced in guinea pigs; strict parasites causing glanders in man and animals Actinobacillus p. J^H {A. mallei) Small ovoid coccobacilli arranged singlj^ and in pairs or in small bundles; sometimes pleomorphic; frequently exhibit bipolar staining; colonies on meat infusion agar 0.1 to 1.0 mm in diameter in 24 hours at 37° C. ; may increase in size up to 4 to 6 mm in 5 days at 37° C. A slight thin layer or no growth on potato; organisms cause plague in man and rodents or hemorrhagic septicemia in various other animals and in birds Pasteurella p. 395 Organisms cause actinobacillosis in man and other animals and may also be found in actinomycotic lesions; colonies on agar small, circular, bluish gray, translucent, with a smooth surface and an entire edge, up to 1.5 mm in diameter in 24 hours at 37° C. but increase considerably in size on further incubation; on alkaline potato a slight glistening grayish yellow growth is produced Actinobacillus p. J^ll^ Not as above 81 81. Curved rods which transform completely into coccoid forms during growth of the colony. Rods elongate and divide. At the point of division the rods grow out at an angle to the original axis and divide again at the angle when the cell has doubled its length. This process continues until a colony is formed. Ultimately the rods transform completely into cocci. Colonies yellow or colorless Arthrobacter p. 605 Note: The emphasis lies on the final transformation into cocci. Some authori- ties may consider that limited true branching may occur. If this is admitted the dividing line between Arthrobacter and Nocardia becomes very slim. The author's observations of Arthrobacter globiforme fit the above statement, and it is suggested that these criteria be adopted, true branching forms which later disintegrate being assigned to Nocardia. Not as above 82 82. Colonies yellow Flavobacterium p. 309 Colonies colorless 83 83. Enteric pathogens of man; agglutinate with Shigella antisera Shigella p. 384 {Shigella Group, Rome, 1953; non-lactose-fermenters) Organisms pathogenic to birds; agglutinate with Salmonella Group D "O" antiserum Salmonella p. 368 {S. gallinarum) Not as above 84 84. Organisms cause disintegration of filter paper in 0.5 per cent peptone water Cellulonionas p. 601 Not as above Achroniobacter p. 300 85. Soil organisms; curved rods which transform completely into coccoid forms during growth of the colony. Rods elongate and divide. At the point of division the rods grow out at an angle to the original axis and divide again at the angle when the cell has doubled its length. This process continues until a colony is formed; ultimately the rods transform completely into cocci; colonies yellow or colorless Arthrobacter p. 605 Note: The emphasis lies on the final transformation into cocci. Some authori- ties may consider that limited true branching may occur. If this is admitted the dividing line between Arthrobacter and Nocardia becomes very slim. The author's observations of Arthrobacter globiforme fit the above statement, and it is suggested that these criteria be adopted, true branching forms which later disintegrate being assigned to Nocardia. Not as above 86