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CAL Pashto Materials Overview individual vocabulary items. Each unit in the Workbooks contains a number of exercises providing additional practice on the points covered in the Textbook. There are listening exercises in the Beginning Pashto workbook which require the student to listen to a prompt, then respond in some way.

The Teachers’ Manuals, in Pashto, are written for the educated native speaker of Pashto who might not have a background in language teaching or an extensive background in Pashto grammar. It explains the presentation of grammar points, and gives other information of use to the teacher. At the end of each unit, the prompts for the listening exercises in the Workbooks are given for the teacher's convenience.

The Text Tapescript and workbook Tapescript for Beginning Pashto have been developed for students who do not have regular access to a native speaker of the language. They provide the means for such students to identify a Pashto sneaker, then make arrangements with him or her to tape the important parts of the Textbook and the listening exercises in the Workbook. The tapescripts are not necessary in situations where there is a Pashto-speaking teacher.

Pashto Conversation contains fourteen lessons - each lesson corresponding to two units of Beginning/Intermediate Pashto - which provide additional speaking and listening practice on the material contained in the units, as well as exposure to different dialects. The lessons have been recorded - there is a set of cassettes at the Center for the Advancement of Language Learning (tel: (703) 312-5040; Fax: (703) 528-4823) and another at the Center for Applied Linguistics (see numbers below).

The Pashto Reader presents selections of modern written Pashto, with extensive notes and guides to comprehension. Six different genres are exemplified: essays, articles, stories, poetry, “public” Pashto (street signs, ads, etc.), and “fractured” Pashto (published Pashto written by non-native speakers). Pashto Reader: Originals presents the passages of the Reader in computer scans of their originals, to provide the student with practice in dealing with Pashto as it actually appears: handwritten, without conventional spacing between words, etc. Pashto Reader: Passages in Transcription presents the passages in the roman transcription used to represent pronunciation throughout the series; it is intended far the linguist interested in the Pashto language but not necessarily the writing system.

The Glossary for the CAL Pashto Materials contains, in dictionary form, all the words taught in the materials - about 5,000 entries. Each entry includes s word or phrase’s Pashto spelling, a transcription of pronunciation, English equivalents or explanations, and grammatical information.

All these materials are in the public domain, and copies may be made of them as needed. Each component is listed in the ERIC system with a separate number, and has been designed on the assumption that a single hard copy will be bought from ERIC, then copied and bound. Each component accordingly has a cover page, which should be copied onto heavy paper (a different color for each component makes it easier to identify). The