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. Abu-Ḥafṣ ad-Dimashḳi from learned sheikhs:—The first conflict between Moslems and Greeks took place in the caliphate of abu-Bakr in the province of Palestine, the one in chief command over the Moslems being ʿAmr ibn-al-ʿÂṣi. Later on in the caliphate of abu-Bakr, ʿAmr ibn-al-ʿÂṣi effected the conquest of Ghazzah, then Sabasṭiyah and Nâbulus [Neapolis] with the stipulation that he guaranteed to the inhabitants the safety of their lives, their possessions and their houses on condition that they pay poll-tax, and kharâj on their land. He then conquered Ludd [Lydda] and its district, and then Yubna [Jabneh or Jabneel], ʿAmawâs [Emmaus] and Bait-Jabrîn [Eleutheropolis] where he took for himself an estate which he named ʿAjlân after a freedman of his. He then conquered Yâfa [Jaffa] which according to others was conquered by Muʿâwiyah. ʿAmr also conquered Rafaḥ and made similar terms with it.

. As ʿAmr was besieging Îliyâʾ, i. e., Jerusalem in the year 16, abu-ʿUbaidah after reducing Ḳinnasrîn and its environs, came to him, and according to a report, sent him from Jerusalem to Antioch whose people had violated the covenant. ʿAmr reduced the

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