Page:Archaeological Journal, Volume 6.djvu/584

 408 PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF services on this occasion ; as also for the efficient manner in which he had carried out the views of the Central Committee, of the Members of the Society, and many gentlemen resident in Wiltshire who had promoted this investigation, and by whose contributions the expense had chiefly been defrayed.^ Mr. James Yates made some remarks upon a collection of bronze celts which had been entrusted to him for exhibition at this Meeting by the Eev. C. Wellbeloved, Curator of Antiquities to the Yorkshire Philosophical Society. Some of them belonged to the extensive and varied hoard of celts discovered in 1845 at Westow on the Derwent, and others, which have been drilled with lioles and scoured by modern hands, were sent from Lincoln to the Museum at York. The selection included seven gouges, the mortice- chisel described and figured in Mr. Yates's memoir " On the Use of Bronze Celts in Military Operations," (see p. 383), and a long narrow tool which terminates in a small gouge at one end, and in a straight edge at the other. Mr. Yates's opinion, confirmed by the testimony of a working joiner, was, that this tool had been used in a centre-bit or drill. This instrument, as he observed, was in common use among the ancients, and the application of it to surgical purposes, has given origin to the modern word trepan, the Greek rpv-rrdvov, with the termination struck oft'. Among the tools from Lincoln, was one belonging to that description of which ]Mr. Du Noyer has constituted his Third Class of bronze celts, (Ar- chaeological Journal, vol. iv., p. 327), and which he has represented in Plate If., fig. 3. Among those from Westow was another chisel, much like the last, but with the shoidder above the blade extending round the top of it in a circle, as in modern chisels, and above this a spike of pyramidal form adapted to be fixed into a handle of wood, bone, or horn. The edges of both these cliisels are curved, and Mr. Yates thought, that, although appli- cable to other uses, they were especially adapted to be used in cutting paper, parchment, skin or leather, being held in an upright position either with- or without handles. On this supposition, Mr. Yates regarded them as examples probably of the a^iiXa xaproTOfios, or chisel for cutting paper, mentioned ])y Philoxenus, and of the currier's chisel (<tkvtot6p.os) mentioned by Julius Pollux. The Eev. William Gunner communicated some further particulars regarding the supposed Eoman water-coiu'se at Winchester, the course of which was still being traced out, and the remains destroyed. Subsequent observation had confirmed his opinion that it was not a sewer, but had served as a channel for the supply of water from the river, for some purpgse for which it was desirable to have the water as pure as possible ; the most obvious use being for domestic convenience, or for a bathing establishment. The channel, being only 14 inches wide by 9 inches high, does not seem suited for any purpose connected with a mill (as has been suggested), for the supply would have been insufficient ; neither for the tail-race of a mill, since the water could not have been conveyed away rapidly enough through so small an aperture. The extreme care bestowed in order to render it imper- meable to any surface drainage, which might pollute the water, would have ' This bubject is reserved for the Volume of Salisbury Transiictiona, now in the press.