Page:Archaeological Journal, Volume 5.djvu/165

 TN CHARTERS, RENTALS, ACCOUNTS, &C. 123 and that trespasses by the cattle of cither party, " in prato, bosco, bladis, vcl rationabilibus binhaiis siiis," should be re- dressed l)y damages ascertained by a jury of four suitors of the court of the injured party. Torre Cartdary, penes Re- nienioratorein Reginac Scacc. fo. 42. Two or three other instances have occurred to me to which I am unable to find the exact references. From these it is apparent that a binghay was a portion of Avaste or demesne enclosed or set apart for the separate use of the lord of the manor, so as to exclude the commoners either permanently or for a limited time, and the object, from which it probably derived its name, was the supply of the lord's bing or bin, i. e., the crib, rack, or corn bin. It seems to be ecjuivalent to the " seperale" sometimes mentioned in connec- tion with commons. Thus the prior of Tinmouth reserved his right, " facere sibi quoddam seperale pro voluntate sua tempore aperto . . . infra quod seperale nullus pra^dictae villas comnmnicabit nisi," t&c. Rental of the Priory, A.D. 1378; 3 Dugd. Mon., 318, ed. 1846. Reservations of this khid were at all times expedient, but they were especially so before the statutes of ]Ierton and of Westminster the Second, by which the right of the lord to improve portions of common lands was established. The name of binghay is still locally retained in the West. The rental of Marsh Barton, printed in Oliver's Monasticon, p. 14:2, mentions a field called " Bingthehay," in St. Sidwell's parish, near Exeter. There are also fields so called in the manor of Liskeard in Cornw^all. The local names of Bingham, Bingley, Binfield, &c., seem to indicate a similar origin. E. SMIRKE.