Page:Archaeological Journal, Volume 1.djvu/241

Rh pavement, is often seen beneath the deposit within it, and where such is wanting, I have usually remarked a firm, clean, and level base. All these slight differences of construction may frequently be accounted for, from circumstances occasioned by the localities where they exist. It has been customary to give different appellations to these structures, according to their shape and form, or agreeably to the hypothesis endeavoured to be maintained. From the foregoing observations it will be easily perceived, that whether the cromlechs partake of the circular or square form, or are directed either east or northward, their design remains the same. I may, however, further state, as regards the object intended, that several simple circles of stones of small dimensions, which would have constituted the bardic circles of the poets, have been opened in these islands, and have presented in like manner the mixed remains of our species, with rude works of art.

The fine and interesting monument of primeval architecture, once consecrating the island of Jersey, was formed of a circle of small cromlechs, with a covered avenue leading into the interior. The one now existing on the hill at the Couperon in that island, is of a rectangular form, and has not yet been accurately examined. The early people whose memorials we are investigating, occupied these countries during a long series of years. On this ground among others we may account for many of the variations observable in their constructions. The description of one cromlech might, prima facie, be considered as a type of all such structures; but in the present state of our knowledge it is necessary to give these particulars, as they tend to elucidate a subject on which so much has yet to be learnt. The period we have assigned to their construction, involving the manners and customs of an early race, requires every little fact to be noted, every detail to be given, during the exploring of those few remains which have escaped the ravages of time for our contemplation. With this view it has been my practice on approaching a locality intended to be examined, to proceed with caution. An accurate plan and sketch are taken of such appearances as present themselves before working. All the undulations of the surface near the spot are observed; a slight ascent of a few inches towards the suspected site has often proved a valuable indication, and tended to confirm the question of a recent or