Page:Archæologia Americana—volume 2, 1836.djvu/327

 APP. NO. II.] NOTES TO TABLES OF TRANSITIONS, 291 prefixed to the verb. These last, therefore, follow the words homulgiad, hokolik, homulgin, hokolin, when used. Although not inserted in the Table, there appears to be a dual for the second person, formed in the same manner as that of the first. There are some deviations from the rules in the paradigm ; but whether anomalies, or proceeding from errors, is not ascertained. Nor is it known, whether those rules apply to the other moods and tenses, or whether there are several conjugations. Cherokee. The Cherokees have three separable indeclinable pronouns : Ayung, c I,' ' we ' ; nihi, ' thou,' ' ye ' ; na, ' he,' ' they.' Traces of them are still visible in the transitions : ungya, l I — thee ; ' ihya, ' thou — him ; ' ana, 'they — him.' But it will appear, by the Grammatical Notices, that the possessive pronouns united with nouns, are the same with the personal pronouns united with verbs, and that they correspond with the numerous nice distinctions made in that language, between the different species of dual and plural. It is also necessary to observe that, in many Indian languages and particularly in this, the transitions may be divided into two general classes, that of the third person with the third, first, or second ; and that between the first and second persons. The first class is susceptible of various subdivisions, according to the character of each language respectively ; separating, in some cases, the transitions from one third to another third person, from those between the third and the first or second person ; distinguishing, in some languages, the transi- tions, in which the third person is in the nominative, from those in which it is in the objective case. This being premised, the three following general rules for the indi- cative present, are deduced from the Table. 1. The verb, in every instance, terminates the word ; the pronouns, in Cherokee, being always prefixed. 2. Te (sign of plural) prefixed, always shows that the pronoun in the objective case is in the dual or plural number. 3. G, ge, gung, prefixed, or inserted immediately after the plural le, designates the third person plural. Whence it follows that teg means ' them,' in the transitions winch terminate in the third person plural. But the g is omitted in the tran- sition from the third person plural to the third person. ' They — him, ' ana ; ' they — them,' teana. The pronouns used, either as possessive, or as personal in the tran- sitions between the third and either the first or the second person, are Simple conjugation. him. he. ga J, tsiya ; me, aqua, awka awtsa we, awtsa ; us, te awka awsta he and I, awsta ; htm and me, te awgina ha thou, ihia ; thee, tsa itsa pi. ye, etsa; you, tetsa ista du. yc two, esta; you tico, testa ga he, ga-; ana they, ana;