Page:Approaches on Internet of Things Solutions.pdf/2



A Smart Object contains IoT data and information, also metadata and software agent code resources, such as application software event handler. Samples of Smart Objects are embedded devices such as Rasberry Pi, Arduino, BeagleBone/Ninja Blocks. The data model for broad interoperability is represented by the Smart Object API.

The Smart Object API is represented by a Semantic Web application for the Internet of Things that provides linked-data interactions between application software agents and IoT endpoints, sensors and user devices, which are pluggable in real-time.

The IoT vendor silos provide high level cooked APIs from cloud services of Smart Object API, enabling integration of IoT resources from top to bottom of the stack. The IoT of today means no interoperability and existence of many vertical and horizontal silos.

The Smart Object API supports the concept of a Smart Gateway, which is working as a Smart Object intermediate for devices on the network, adding semantic descriptors and offering a service interface for the device representation on the Internet. Sensors and gateways must be programmed for each service they need to interact with.

IoT applications consist of sensors and actuators end points, user device end points, and application software that connect the endpoints in the representation of a directed graph. We can also build a graph of resources consisting of Smart Objects connected to services and other Smart Objects, based on the related IoT ontologies, and the Smart Object API.

The interoperability and interdependence between multiple devices is becoming a common characteristic because people are trying to build their own Internet of Things by getting all their smart devices to be connected in the cloud. The IoT needs a standard to interact with other devices and this standard must enable software for easier interaction.

The actual Internet of Things consists of many different sensor networks and protocols, connected to special cloud services and offering access through smart mobile devices and browser applications. It is unusual for these separate silos to cooperate or interact one with each other.

Figure 2 describe the Internet of Things tech items grouped on three main categories: Internet – Protocols – Middleware, Sensors – RFID, Embedded Devices – Smart Objects.