Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 7).djvu/52

80 the proof that one of Christ's first apostles. St. Thomas, passed to Nortli America and preached the gospel in Mexico. Borunda wrote also " Frag- mentas para la formacion de un Diccionario Geo- grAfico-etiinologico de las Provincias Mexicaiias," another valualile manuscript which is lost. Al- though all authors agi'ee that Borunda was a great Aztec linguist, some sav that he was ca|)ricious in his ideas, and sometimes very arbitrary in his in- terpretation of ancient hieroglyphic texts.

BOTUKINI-BENADUCCI, LoiTiizo, Spanish antiquary, b. in Milan, Italy, toward the end of the 17lh centurv: d. in Madrid about 1760. He early settled in Spain, became a member of the acad- emy of Valencia, and in 1736 obtained permis- sion from the court for a prolonged stay in Mexi- co. There he studied the Aztec language, and in his familiar intercourse with the natives as well as with Spanish scientists had occasion to make profound studies on ancient history and the cus- toms of the Aztec nation. With great trouble and a heavy outlay he gathered a large collection of old Aztec manuscripts, maps, paintings, and other art objects, when, in 1744, ui some way he aroused the suspicions of the authorities, his museum was confiscated, and he was arrested and sent to Spain. There he was able to justify himself and was ab- solved, but his collection "was never restored to him and remained in the royal museum. With notes that he saved lie wrote " Idea 6 Ensayo de una Nueva Historia General de la America Sep- tentrional, f undada en copiosos materiales de figu- ras, simbolos, caraoteres, cantares y manuscriptos de autores Indios, nuevamente descubiertos" (Madrid, 1746). He also wrote "Oratio ad Divi- nam Sapientiam, Academiie Valentina? Patronaui " (Valencia, 1750), and "Oratio de Jure Naturali, Septentrionalium Indorum " (1751).

BOUIUNOT, EUas CoriiPlius, Indian lawyer, b. in the old Cherokee nation, near Rome, Ga., in August, 1835; d. at Port Smith, Ark., 27 .Sept., 1890. His father, a full-blooded Indian, whose Indian name was Kill-kee-nah, was sent by mis- sionaries at the age of fifteen to be educated at a school in Cornwall, Litchfield co.. Conn. While at this school, Elias Boudinot, of New Jersey, a son of the first president of the Continental congress, visited the school at Cornwall, and took quite an interest in the young Indian and induced him to adopt his name of Elias Boudinot. John Ridge, who was afterward one of the chiefs of the Chero- kees, was his cousin and schoolmate. Gen. Stand Waite, also a chief of the Cherokees, was a younger brother of Elias Boudinot. After leaving school at Cornwall, Boudinot married Harriet Gold, the youngest daughter of an influential family at that place, despite the opposition of her family. She accompanied her husband to the land of the Chero- kees, in north Georgia, where she died in 1836, leaving six children, three boys and three girls. John Hidge also married a New England girl, and he and the elder Boudinot were the leaders in the politics of their tribe, and negotiated the treaty of 1835, under which the Cherokees removed from Georgia to the Indian territory. This treaty gave rise to two factions, one led by John Ross and the other by Ridge and Boudinot'. In the contest for supremacy. Ridge and Boudinot were assassinated, 22 June, '1839. The subject of this notice was educated in New England, but returned to the territory in 1853, and was actively engaged in politics. At the breaking out of the civil war he and Stand Waite raised a regiment of Indians, and entered the Confederate army, Stand Waite as colonel and Boudinot as major, Boudinot was afterward promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment, and served as an aide to Gen. Thomas C. Hindman at the battle of Prairie Grove. He was delegate from his nation to the 2d and 3d congresses of the Confederate states. After the war he was in Washington for many years, acting in the interest of his tribe, and subsequently removed to Port Smith, and engaged in the practice of law.

BOULTON, Charles Arkoll, Canadian senator, b. in Coburg, Ontario, 17 Sept., 1841 : d. in Shell- mouth. Manitoba. 18 May,1899. After graduation from the Upper Canada college he served in the British array, retiring in 1868. He then went to the Red river, and at the outbreak of the rebellion under Riel, in 1870, took an active part on the loyal side, and was one of the Canadian party who were arrested, imprisoned, and sentenced to death by the conspirators. He escaped to Ontario, where he remained until 1880, when he again went to Manitoba and engaged in farming. In 1885 he raised a corps of mounted riflemen, known as Boulton's scouts, and led them through the north- west rebellion. The next year he published at Toronto an interesting book entitled " Reminis- cences of the Northwest Rebellion." In 1889 he became a Liberal senator in the Dominion parlia- ment. In 1896 he introduced a measure favoring the establishment of an international peace tribu- nal. In the summer of 1897 Senator Boulton ac- companied Sir Wilfrid Laurier to England as a member of the military staff sent to represent Canada at the Queen's diamond jubilee.

BOURKE, John Gregory, author and soldier, b. in Philadelphia. Pa., 23 June, 1846: d. there, 8 June, 1896. He was graduated at the U. S. mili- tary academy; entered the cavalry in 1869 as sec- ond lieutenant, was promoted in 1876. and became cafrtain in 1882, serving for several years on the staff of Gen. George Crook, and taking part in nu- merous Indian campaigns. He was. in 1890. bre- vetted major for gallantry in the field, and in 1893 detailed for special service in the Latin-American department of the Columbian exposition, and two years later was ordered to join his regiment at Port Ethan Allen. In 1896 he was elected jiresi- dent of the American Polk-lore Society. In addi- tion to numerous contributions to scientific pe- riodicals, he was the author of "The Snake Dance of the Mouquis" (New York, 1884); "On the Border with Crook" (1886); "The Medicine Men of the Af>aches" (1893); and "The Folk Food of the Rio Grande Valley " (189.5).

'''BOURNE. George''', clergyman, b. in Westbury, Wiltshire. England. 13 June. 1780: d. in New Vork city, 20 Nov., 1845. He was educated at Homer- ton, and in 1802 came to the Ignited States, but soon rcturne<l to England. In 1804 he again came to this country, and settled in Baltimore, Md. After preaching there and elsewhere, he removed to llarrishurg, Va., where, besides his pastoral la- bors, he established a print ing-oflice, a county Bible society, and was active in promoting education among the people. He learned the art of type- setting, and comiiosed his tracts and discourses at the case without manuscript. Mr. Bourne made himself obnoxious to the people by his antagonism to slavery and his advocacy of immediate and un- conditional emancipation. He carried his views so far as to organize an independent Presbyterian church of non-slaveholders on 4 July, 1815, in Har- risbnrg court-house. During that year he wrote a work entitled "Tlie Book and Slavery irrecon- cilable," in which the subject was discussed with vigor. He was compelled to surrender his church and printing-oflBce, and remove to Germantown,