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ULKE, Henry, artist, b. in Frankenstein, Prussia, 29 Jan., 1821. anil studied painting in Breslau, and also in Berlin under Prof. Wach. For a time he was occupied in decorating the Koyal museum of Berlin, but becoming involved in the revolution of 1848, was compelled to leave his native land. lie came to this country, ultimately settling in Washington, D. C, where he has suc- cessfully devoted himself to portrait-painting for twoseore years. Among the many pictures of prominent men that have sat for Mr. iJlke in the nation's capital may be mentioned Earls Elgin and Gray. Sir Frederick Biuce, Gens. Grant, Raw- lins, and Blair, Charles Sumner, James G. Blaine, John Sherman, Edwin jI. Stanton, and Chief Jus- tice Chase. Mr. Ulke is also well known as an entomologist and musical critic.

ULRICH, Edward Oscar, geologist, b. in Cin- cinnati, 1 Feb., 1851, and was educated at Wallace college and the Ohio medical college. Abandon- ing the practice of medicine he became curator of the Natural history society of Cincinnati, and later was paleontologist to geological surveys of Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio, iilso associate editor for ten years of the " American Geologist." Mr. Ulrich has been a prolific writer, publishing numerous pamphlets on the subject of American paleon- tology, treating particularly the fossil Bryozoa, Gastropoda. Ostracoda, and Pelecypoda.

USHOEFFER, Michael, jurist, b. in New York, 30 March, 1793 ; d. there, 6 Sept., 1881. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar of his native city in 1813, subsequently achieving a recognized position in his profession. For six years he was a member of the assembly, being the champion of a bill to revise the state constitution, writing a very able reply to Chancellor Kent's opinion disapproving the measure. He became corporation attorney, and later corporation coun- sel, occupying the latter office for four years. In 1834 Mr. Ulshoeffer was appointed judge of the court of common pleas, reappointed in 1843, and was elected a member of that bench in 1846 under the new constitution. At the expiration of his term Judge Ulshoeffer did not resume practice, but was frequent Iv selected as an arbitrator and referee.

UNDERWOOD, Benjamin Franklin, free- thinker, b. in New York, 6 July, 1839, and received a common-school education. He served in the civil war as a private, being captured at Ball's Bluff in 1861 ; exchanged the following year, and commissioned lieutenant and adjutant of a Rhode Island artillery regiment. Since the close of the war he has been known as a representative of free thought, lecturing throughout the United States on that subject. Before the Evangelical alliance he opened a discussion in Boston in 1873 on evolu- tion and evangelical theology, in which President Chad bourne and Prof. Asa Gray were the disputants. Mr. Underwood has been the business manager and editor of the " Boston Index " and the " Open Court," of Chicago, both organs of free religious thought ; has also edited other periodicals, and has been a contributor to the " Arena," Boston, the " Free Thought Magazine," and the " Metaphysical Magazine." He was chairman of the physical sci- ence congress, and is the author of "Spencer's Synthetic Philosophy" (New York, 1879) and "Christianity and Civilization " (1883).

'''UNDERWOOD. Luclen Marcus''', botanist, b. in New Woodstock, N. Y., 26 Oct., 1853, and was graduated at Syracuse university. In 1880 he was appointed professor of geology and botany in Illi- nois Wesleyan university, in 1883 professor of biol- ogy in his alma mater, and in 1891 he became pro- fessor of botany in De Pauw university. Prof. Underwood has published numerous papers in bo- tanical journals, and is the author of "Our Native Perns and how to study them" (Bloomington, 111., 1881 : 4th ed., 1893) ; " Descriptive Catalogue of North American llepaticae" (New York, 1884); " Hepaticffi," in " Gray s Manual of Botany." He also prepared " An Illustrated Century of I""'ungi," one hundred specimens (1889), and "llepaticae Ameri- canje," one hundred and sixty specimens (1887-'93).

UNNEVER, John Gerhard, sculptor, b. in Copenhagen, Denmark, 16 July, 1823; d. in New York city, 13 Feb., 1893. He was a pupil of Thor- waldsen, under whose direction he produced many classical figures, including Apollo, Hebe, and Venus. When the gigantic figures of the Twelve Apostles were sent from Thorwaldsen's museum to the New York crystal palace in 1853 Mr. Unne- ver was selected as their custodian. He also re- ceived from the great sculptor the exclusive privi- lege of reproducing the figures and of using his models. Under this concession he opened a studio in New York, where he duplicated in plaster many of his master's greatest works. Mr. Unnever edited and illustrated two volumes on his friend Bertel Thorwaldsen's life and artistic work.

UPTON, Winslow, astronomer, b. in Salem, Mass., 12 Oct., 1853, and was graduated at Brown university. He was an assistant at the Harvard observatory for several years, then assistant en- gineer of the U. S. lake survey, and later compu- tor of the U. S. naval observatory and of the U. S. signal service. He was a member of the U. S. eclipse expeditions of 1878 and 1883, also of two private expeditions sent out in 1887 and 1889, and in 189(5-'7 was attached to the southern station of Harvard university at Arequipa, Peru. He was appointed professor of astronomy at Brown in 1883, and by permission of the university author- ities accompanied theabove-mentioned expeditions, being given leave of absence.

USSHER, Brandram Boileau. R. E. C. bishop, b. in Dublin. 6 Aug., 1845. and was educated at the " Rugby " of Ireland and at Delgany college. He came to this country in 1863, studied at the Kansas City medical college, and practised for sev- eral years. Abandoning medicine he entered the Reformed Episcopal (Ihurch, being ordained by Bishop Cheney, of Chicago. He became rector of Christ church, Toronto, and in 1878 of St. Bar- tholomew's, Montreal, where he remained for eleven years. He was consecrated bishop of Can- ada, and after being eight yoare in charge of his vast diocese he accepted the rectorship of a church in Kansas City, and later became rector of Christ church, Peoria, 111. Still bishop of the English church, Dr. Ussher has preferred to re- main without any episcopal charge in the United States, expecting to return to Great Britain.