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264 principle of the " Wilmot, proviso" in the act that prohibited the extension of slavery into the terri- tory. He was the author of the provision in the statutes-at-hirge that g;ives to the cause of public education the 16th and 36th sections of public lands in each township. In 1864-'5 he served in the legislature. He published "Oregon and Cali- fornia in 1848" (2 vols., New York, 1849) and " History of the Provisional Government of Ore- gon " in the " Proceedings of the Oregon Pioneer Association" for 1875, and also in the "History of the Willamette V'alley."

TIEMANN, Daniel Fawcett, mayor, b. in New York city, 9 Jan., 1805; d. there, 29 June, 1899. His father, Anthony Tiemann, came from Hesse-Cassel. and his mother was from Cambridge- port, Mass. The son attended t he school of Stevens and Whitney in his native city until he was thir- teen, when he entered upon a business career, be- coming a paint and color manufacturer, which business is still carried on by his sons in Manhat- tan ville. He was for many years an assistant alder- man, a member of the board of charities and cor- rection, and in 1858 mayor of the city, introducing during his term of office the numbers and names of streets on the public lamps. In 1873 Mr. Tiemann was elected to the state senate, and he was for forty-seven years a warden and vestryman of St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal church of Manhattan- ville. He was perhaps the oldest inhabitant of New York who has lived continuously in the city, and who had a clear recollection of it as it was nearly ninety years ago, when it contained less than 100,000 inhabitants. He resided in Audubon park, occupying the house built by the great nat- uralist of that name, who died in 1851.

TIGERT, John James, author, b. in Louisville, Ky., 25 Nov., 1856. He was graduated at Vander- bilt university and at the Southern Baptist theo- logical seminary. He is a clergyman in the Metho- dist Episcopal church, and was professor of moral philosophy in Vanderbilt university from 1881 to 1890, pastor in Kansas City, Mo., from 1890 to 1894, and editor "Methodist Review" from 1894 to the present time. He is also secretary ot the general conference M. E. church, and he has pub- lished the following works : " Handbook of Logic " (Nashville, 1885) ; " The Preacher himself " (1889) ; "Constitutional History of American Episcopal Methodism " (1894) ; " The Making of Methodism " (1898); and has edited "Sommers's Systematic Theology, with Additions" (3 vols., Nashville, 1887-8). and "Bishop McTeer's Sermons" (1889).

TILLINUHAST, Caleb Benjamin, librarian, b. in West Greenwich, R. I., 3 April, 1843. He studied in the common schools of Windham county, C(mn., and served there as a teacher and school officer. In 1870 he went on the staff ot the Boston " Dally Journal," serving as city editor for many years. In 1879 he left the "journal" to take charge of the state library of Massachusetts, and in 1893 he was appointed state librarian. He served as clerk and treasurer of the Massachusetts board of education for many years, was appointed one of the original members of the Massachusetts free public library commission, and was designated as chairman by Gov. Brackett, l)eing reappointed in 1895 by Gov. Greenhalge. He is a member of many historical societies. In 1897 he received the degree of A. M. from Harvard university.

TILLMAN, Benjamin Ryan, senator, b. in Edgefield county, S. C, 11 Aug., 1847. He studied at Bethany academy, but left school at the age of seventeen to enter the Confederate army. A severe illness, however, caused the loss of his left eye and kept him an invalid for two years. Since the war he has engaged in farming. He was captain of the Edgefield hussars, a militia com- pany, from 1884 to 1890. In 1886 he began an agitation for industrial and technical education, the result of which was the establishment of the agricultural and iiulustrial college at Fort Hill, the old home of Calhoun. In 1890 he was put forward by the farmers as a candidate for gov- ernor; he was elected in November of that year, and was re-elected in 1893. During his term of office the dispensary law for the control of the sale of liquor by the state was passed, and the Winthrop normal and industrial college for women was established at Rock Hill. He was mainly insti'umental in the calling of the South Carolina constitutional convention of 1895, and served as chairman of the committee on suffrage that framed the article providing for an educational property qualification for voting, thus clitninating the ignorant negro vote. The increase of the school tax from two to three mills also was due largely to his efforts. He was elected U. S. sena- tor over Gen. Butler for the term beginning 4 March, 1895. On entering the senate his first speech denouncing President Cleveland was widely read and excited much adverse criticism.

TOME, Jacob, philanthropist, b. in Manhcim township, York co.. Pa., 13 Aug.. 1810; d. in I'ort Deposit, Md., 15 March, 1898. He was of German descent, the family name being originally Thom, and by unusual industry, perseverance, and self- reliance rose from extreme poverty to the highest plane of influence and usefulness. His education was meagre, being limited to attendance during the winter months at the district school, and, los- ing his father at the age of sixteen, he hired him- self to a farmer of York county. In 1833 he settled at Port Deposit as a hotel employee. The follow- ing year he studied bookkeeping in Philadelphia, and returned to Port Deposit, where lie attracted the attention of David Rinehart, a wealthy banker and lumber merchant, who, in 1835. took him in partnership. This was the foundation of young Tome's fortune, and fifteen years later he owned 20,000 acres of timber land in Pennsylvania and 10,000 acres in Michigan. In 1849 Jlr. Tome Purchased, with Taylor and John S. Gittings, of ialtimore, a line of steamers plying between that city and Port Deposit, which shortly afterward, through the accession of Mason L. Weems. was merged into the Baltimore and Fredericksburg steamboat company. Besides being a director of several national banks in Baltimore, Mr. Tome owned the Citizens' national bank in Washington, D. C, and in 1871 built the Tome memorial M. E. church at Port Deposit at a cost of $65,000. which is the handsomest church edifice in the state out- side of Baltimore. In recognition of his Union principles he was elected to the Maryland senate in 1863. He gave Dickinson college a scientific building costing |40.000, and in 1892 built the Tome institute at Port Deposit at a cost of $250,- 000, which he endowed with a fund of $1,500,000. Since his death Mrs. Tome has become the active president of two Maryland banks.

TORRENCE, Joseph, soldier, b. in Mercer county. Pa., 5 May, 1843 : d. in Chicago. 31 Oct., 1896. He worked as a blacksmith in the blast-fur- nace at Sharpsburg. now a suburb of Pittsburg, and became a foreman when only seventeen years of age. At the outbreak of the war he enlisted in an Ohio regiment of volunteers, was wounded in the battle of Perryville, and honorably discharged, but, returning to Ohio, he led the volunteer party