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110 ing the first railroatl connection between the lakes and the Mississippi river, and was first president of the Aurora branch railway, now part of the great Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroad, of which he was also the president for five years, connecting it with the Illinois central. Mr. Gale was largely interested in opening and developing coal-mines and stone-quarries in Illinois, and wise investments in real estate made him wealthy. He wasaWliig and a Republican in polities, and active in all works of charity and the promotion of lit- erature and good government.

GALLINGER, Jacob Harold, senator, b. in Cornwall, Ontario, 28 March, 1837, and was a printer in early life. Later he studied medicine, was graduated in May. 1858. and has since followed the profe.ssion of medicine and surgery. He is a member of many state and national medical so- cieties, and a frequent contributor to the journals of his profession. Dr. Gallinger was a member of the New Hampshire house of representatives for several terms, and also of the state senate, being president of that body for two years. He was sur- geon-general of the state in 1879-'80, and was chairman of the New Hampshire delegation to the Republican national convention of 1888. He was elected to the 49th and oOth congresses, declining a renomination to the 51st. and was elected V. S. senator to succeed Henry W. Blair. He took his seat 4 March. 1891, and was re-elected in 1897. Dr. Gallinger's term of service will expire in 1903. GAMBLE, William, soldier, b. in Duross, County Tyrone, Ireland. 1 Jan., 1818; d. in Nica- ragua, Central America, 20 Dec, 1866. He studied civil engineering, and was employed on the gov- ernment survey of the north of Ireland, but came to the United States when he was twenty years old, and enlisted in the 1st U. S. dragoons. He served in the Florida war and on the western frontier, and rose to be sergeant-major, but on the expira- tion of his term of enlistment went to Chicago, 111., where he followed his profession. At the be- ginning of the civil war he enlisted in the 8th Illinois cavalry, was chosen its lieutenant-colonel, afterward was promoted colonel, and fought with the Army of the Potomac, receiving a wound at Malvern Hill that was nearly fatal. He was for two years at the head of a brigade in defence of Washington, with headquarters at Fairfax Court- House, Va., and on 25 Sept., 1865, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers. After service in the west he was mustered out of the volunteer ser- vice on 13 March, 18C6, and on 38 July accepted a major's commission in the 8th regular cavalry. He was on his way with his regiment to Califor- nia when he died of cholera.

GANA, Domingo (ga'h-nah), Chilian diploma- tist, b. in Talca, 1844. He was educated in the Na- tional institute of .Santiago, and graduated in law at the university of that city. After practising his profession he was appointed in 1871 under-secre- tary for foreign affairs and colonization, and took part in the conferences on board the U. S. ship "Lackawanna," off Arica. in October, 1880, when the government of the United States offered its friendly offices as nie<liat'ir to bring about a cessa- tion of hostilities lietween Chili. I'eru, and Bolivia. He was sent to Mexico as minister in 1883, occu- pied the same post at the court of Brazil in 1884, at the end of 1886 was promoted to Washington, and later represented Chili in Germany and Italy. In 1893 he returned to the United States as?ninister.

GANONG, Francis William, naturalist, b. in Carleton. New Brunswick, 19 Feb., 1864. He was graduated at the University of New Brunswick, and in 1887 obtained the B. A. of Harvard, being for six years a tutor in that institution. He stud- ied in Germany, and is now (1898) a professor in Smith college. He is a member of many learned societies and has contributed to scientific ami liis- torical journals, particularly on New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Several of his monographs on natural history have appeared in the bulletins of the New Brunswick natural history society and in the Transactions of the Royal society of Canada. To the latter publication lie has also' contributed historical articles, notably "Jacques Cartier"s First Voyage" (1888); "The Cartography of the Gulf of St. Lawrence from Cartier to Champlain " (1889); "The Site of Fort La Tour" (1891); and " Place-Nomenclature of New Brunswick" (1896). He has also compiled a "Genealogy of the De- scendants of Thomas Ganong" (1893).

GANTE, Pedro de (gahn'-tay), Flemish mis- sionary, b. about 1500; d. in the city of Mexico in 1572. He entered the Franciscan order in Ghent, and, hearing of the conquest of Mexico by Cortes, resolved to dedicate hini.self to the conversion of the Indians, being one of the first three monks that went to Jlexico in 1522. He labored first in Tex- coco, and later at Tlaxcala, and was beloved by the natives, whom he treated with the greatest kind- ness, teaching them not only religion, but also mu- sic, sculpture, and useful trades. He removed af- terward to Mexico, where he built the chape! of the Franciscan convent, the first parish church of Mex- ico, and founded the College of San Juan de Letran. In order to avoid the nomination as bishop of Mex- ico, which was tendered him twice, he refused to receive ordination as a priest, and died as a lay brother, mourned by all the natives of the valley of Mexico. He wrote " Nieam Ompehua in Doc- trina Cristiana Mexico Tlatolli Tiquitohua." the first catechism in Aztec that was ever ])rinted (Ant- werp, 1538; Mexico, 1553), and "Epistola ad Pro- vincialeui Flandriiede redus ad fidem christianam in novo orbe pertenentibus" (Antwerp. 1538).

GARCIA-ROVIRA, Custodio, Colombian pa- triot. I), in Cartagena about 1780; d. in Bogota, 8 Aug., 1816. He studied in the College of San Bar- tolome of Bogota, where he was graduated in the- ology and law. Although he practised at the bar he was also noteworthy as an amateur artist, mu- sician, and poet. When the revolution for inde- pendence began he took an enthusiastic part in politics, was elected governor of the province of Socorro, and also served in the militia. In Octo- ber. 1814. he was elected a member of the trium- virate that constituted the executive of the repub- lic, and when, in November, 1815, Dr. Camilo Torres was named president. Garcia-Kovira was apiioinled general-in-chief of the reserves, which were totally defeated by Calzada in Cachiri, 22 Feb., 1816. He retired to the south, and was gathering new forces when President Fcrnande;; Madrid sent in his res- ignation to Ihe commission of congres.s. The lat- terappointed Garcia president, but before he could march on I'opayan and assume the government the forces of Vice-President Liborio Mejia were routed by Gen. Samano at Cuchilla del Tanibo in June, and Garcia-Kovira S(mght to reach the Brazilian frontier to save the remainder of his forces. On 10 July. 1816. he was surprised at La Plata by a force under Col. Tolrii. captured, sent to Bogota, and condi'miied by a court-martial to be shot.

GARCIA Y IÑIGIEZ, Calixto (k.ah-leeks-toh gar-the-ah). soldier, b. in Holguin, Cuba. 11 Aug., 1839: d. in Washington. D. C. 11 Dec, 1898. He was educated at his native place and in Havana, where he took his degree of bachelor. He theu