Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/775

Rh ammunition in the West Indies, and, pledging his personal credit, he soon returned with 9,750 stand of arms, twelve cannon, and a plentiful supply of ammunition. Being appointed second chief of tin- general staff, he displayed such energy in the re- organization of the forces that Bolivar called him the "soul of the army." In this office he assisted in the victorious invasion of New Granada in 1819, and was commis- sioned by Bolivar to arrange for a six-months' armis- tice, which was signed in Trujillo, 25 Nov., 1820. He was then sent to the south to take command of the forces operating against the Span- ish president of Quito, who re- fu-ed In ivcni:ni/,e the validity of the treaty of 'Trujillo. He reorganized the patriot forces, marching to the port of Buenaventura, embarked his army, and in May, 1821, suddenly landed in Guayaquil, to protect the republican government that had been established there. On 19 Aug. he defeated the Spaniards at Yaguachi, but he was routed on 12 Sept. at Guachi. and in November obtained a suspension of hostili- l ies, " Inch he employed to reorganize his forces and obtain auxiliary troops. He now marched upon Quito, and on 24 May defeated the enemy in the battle of Pichincha, granting him a capitulation, which finished the Spanish domination in Ecuador, the province declaring itself incorporated in the republic of Colombia. Sucre was promoted major- general and intendant of the department of Quito, and in May, 1823, was sent with a Colombian auxiliary division to Peru. Refusing the command- in-chief, he remained with his forces in the defence of Callao, and sent, on 4 July, a division to assist Santa Cruz in the south. After the arrival of Bolivar, 1 Sept., who assumed the supreme com- mand, Sucre co-operated with him in reorganizing the army for the final campaign against the Span- ish dominion. In July, 1824. they inarched across the Andes to attack the army of Canterac, and de- feated him at Junin on Aug. Bolivar, being obliged to leave for Lima to organize the govern- nl. appointed Sin-re to the command-in-chief of the allied army, ordering him to force a decisive campaign on the viceroy. La Serna. On 9 Dec.. Sucre met with 5.800 men the Spanish army of 9,300 men on the plateau of Ayacucho. and totally defeated it, capturing the viceroy and ending the Spanish power in Peru. Sucre was created by the Peruvian congress grand marshal of Ayacuelm. and marched at once to upper Peru to subdue Olaneta, who refused to submit to the capitula- tion of Ayacucho. He convoked an assembly of delegates to decide upon the future of the coun- try, which, meeting at Chuquisaca. declared up- per Peru an independent republic, under the name of Bolivia, on 10 Aug.. 1825. The constituent congress, which met 25 May. 1820, elected Sucre president for life. lie accepted the executive, how- ever, only for two years ; but the revolution of January, 1827, in Peru, against the authority of Bolivar, caused also several mutinies in La Paz, and finally, on 18 April, 1828, a Colombian regi- ment revolted in Chuciuisaca. Sucre was danger- ously wounded, and, on his recovery, he resigned and returned to Guayaquil. When finally Ecua- dor was invaded by the Peruvian troop's. Sucre was appointed commander-in-chief, and totally defeated the invaders under Gen. La Mar at Tarqui, 20 Fell.. 18-JH. He now retired to pri- vate life, but was sent as deputy for Guayaquil to the Colombian congress at Bogota, 20 Jan., 1830, which elected him president, and sent him as com- missioner to Rosario tie Cucuta, to arrange the difficulties with Venezuela. Seeing the hopeless- ness of the task, he soon returned to Bogota, and when congress closed its sessions, he was re- turning to his home in Guayaquil when he was shot from ambush in the mountain of Berruecos. At first it was asserted by Gen. Jose Maria Obando, district commander of Paste, that the murder had been committed by robbers, but it is generally be- lieved that the crime was instigated by Obando himself, though he tried to implicate Gen. Juan Jose Plores. The latter was vindicated by his son, Antonio, in his " El Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho " (New York, 1885). Sucre's remains were trans- ported by his family to the Church of San Fran- cisco in Quito, where they still rest, although the government of Bolivia in 1845, and that of Vene- zuela in 1875, asked permission to transport them to their respective pantheons.

SUCRE, Etienne Henry (soo-cray), French painter, b. in Port Royal, Acadia, in 1703: d. in Paris in 1745. He was the son of a rich settler who returned to France after the taking of tin- colony by the English. Young Etieune received his early education at Caen, but finished his stud- ies at the College of the Jesuits at Paris, and be- came afterward a pupil of the Academy of designs. In 1729 he exhibited in the Academy gallery a " Descente de croix " that was much admired, and in 1741 he was given the title of royal painter with a pension of 1,200 livres. His works include " Por- trait of the Dauphin" (1732); "Portrait of the Duke de Saint Simon " (1736) ; " Christ at the Cra- dle" (1736); "An Episode of the War in Acadia" (1737) : " Acadians driven Away from their Home " (1738); and "Portrait of Louis XV." (1741).

SUDDARDS, William, clergyman, b. in Brad- ford, England, in 1805. He emigrated to the United States in 1832. was ordained to the minis- try of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1833, and the same year became rector of St. James's church. Zanesville, Ohio. In 1834 he assumed the rectorship of Grace church. Philadelphia. He re- 'ulpit"(3 vols.. Philadelphia. 1835).

SUDDS, William F., musician, b. in London, England, 5 March, 1843. At the age of seven he came with his parents to the United States. While he was yet a boy he learned to play on several in- struments, but lie had no regular music-lessons until 1804. Nine years later he became a pupil at the Boston conservatory of music. Mr. Sudds resides at Gouverneur. St. Lawrence CO.. N. Y.. where he keeps a music-store. His compositions comprise both vocal and instrumental music, and some of his pieces have become very popular. He has also published National School for the Piano- Forte" (1881). and several collections of music in book-form, including "Anthem Gems" (Philadelphia. lssi-':j) and "Modern Sacred Duets" (Cincinnati, 1888).