Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/767

Rh an eloquent opponent of Chief-Justice Sewell. In 1822 In 1 was srnt to England a- a delegate of the people of Montreal to advocate the reunion of the provinces, and while then- received the appoint- ment of attorney-general for Lower Canada. He became an executive councillor in 1S27. and the same year was elected to represent Sorel in the pro- vincial parliament. His political course led to his suspension from office in March, 1831. This act of the governor-general was approved by the Brit- ish minister for the colonies in November. 1832. The succeeding colonial minister, to repair the injustice that had been done to Mr. Stuart, offered him the post of chief justice of Newfoundland ; but he declined, and resumed the practice of law in Quebec. In 1838 the Earl of Durham, at the con- clusion of his inquiry into the state of the Cana- dian provinces, appointed Stuart chief justice of Lower Canada in the place of Jonathan Sewell, who was retired. During Sir John Colborne's adminis- tration he acted as chairman of the special council of Lower Canada, and framed the law for the regis- tration of titles and mortgages, the corporation acts for Quebec and Montreal, and a general municipal system for the province. He prepared the act of union that was passed by the British parliament in 1840, and in that year was created a baronet. Another son, Andrew, lawyer, b. in Kingston, Canada, 25 Nov., 1785 : d. in Quebec, 21 Feb., 18411, was educated in the school of Rev. John Strachan, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1807. He established his reputation as an eloquent advocate in 1810, when defending Justice Pierre Bedard. and from that time till his death was employed in nearly every difficult or important suit. He entered the provincial parlia- ment in 1815 as representative of the lower town of Quebec, and afterward represented the upper town until the constitution was suspended in 1838, except in 1834, when his defeat and that of others who sought to curb popular passions led to the formation of the Constitutional association, of which he was chosen chairman, and by which he was sent in 1838 to England for the purpose of promoting the union of Upper and Lower Canada. Prom 1838 till his death he held the office of solicitor-general. He contributed five papers on historical and antiquarian topics to the " Transac- tions " of the Quebec literary and historical society and published " Notes upon the Southwestern Boundary-Line of the British Provinces of Lower Canada and New Brunswick and the United States of America " (Quebec. 1830) ; " Review of the Proceedings nf the Legislature of Lower Cana- da, 1831" (Montreal. 1832); and, with William Badgley. an " Account of the Endowments for Education in Lower Canada" (London. 1838).

STUART, John Todd, lawyer, b. near Lexington. Ky.. 10 Nov., 1807; d. in Springfield, 111., 28 Nov., 1885. His ancestry was Scotch-Irish : his father, Robert Stuart, was a Presbyterian clergy- man, and his maternal grandfather was LeM Todd, one of the survivors of the disastrous Indian battle at the Blue Licks in 1782. He was graduated at Centre college. Kentucky, in 1826, was admitted to the bar, and removed to Springfield, 111., at the age of twenty-one. He took at once a high place in his profession, and held it actively for nearly sixty years, to the day of his death. He was a Whig until the formation of the Republican party, served in the legislature from 1832 till 1836, and" was de- feated in a congressional contest in the latter year, being then the recognized leader of his party. He renewed the contest in 1838, with Stephen A. Douglas as his opponent, and was successful after a campaign that excited national attention. After two terms in rcingro-. In- declined a re-election. Mr. Stuart V;JN a member of the state senate from 1848 till 1852. and was distinguished fnr the part he took in settling the charter of the Illinois Cen- tral railroad, from the provisions of which the state derives an annual revenue that amounted in 1887 to $396,315.07, the total revenue of the state in t he same year being sj-3.lS5.607.56. He remained out of public life until 1862, when he was again elected to congress, but now as a Democrat, serving one term. The last special public service of Mr. Stuart was as a commissioner in the erection of the new state-house. He was also chairman of the ex- ecutive committee of the National Lincoln monu- ment association. He served as a major in the Black Hawk war in 1832, and this title was always used in addressing him. In this campaign he met Abraham Lincoln, and thus began a life-long inti- macy. They were fellow-members of the legisla- ture in 1834. He induced Mr. Lincoln to study law, lent him the necessary books, and took him as a partner as soon as he was admitted to practice. This partnership lasted until April, 1841 ; in 1843 Mr. Stuart associated with himself in legal busi- ness Benjamin S. Edwards, and in 1860 his son-in- law, Christopher C. Brown, and their firm was at Mr. Stuart's death the oldest in the state. In personal character Mr. Stuart was a model of kindness, fidelity, purity, and nobility, and in his busy career as a lawyer and legislator he found time for the exercise in many directions of a wise public spirit, which made him for more than half a century one of the most notable citizens of the community in which he lived.

STUART, Moses, Hebraist, b. in Wilton. Conn., 26 March, 1780 ; d. in Andover, Mass., 4 Jan., 1852. He was graduated at Yale in 1799, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1802, but did not enter on the practice of his profession, being called to a tutorship in Yale college the same year. After two years of teaching he studied theology, and in 1806 was ordained as pastor of a Congregational church in New Haven. He gained high repute as a forcible and effective preacher, but relinquished pastoral work in 1810. when he was elected to the professorship of sacred literature in Andover seminary, although at that time he possessed but a limited knowledge of Hebrew. He applied himself diligently to the language, learning German in order to study the philological treatises of Friedrich H. W. Gesenius, and in 1813 completed a grammar, which was passed around in manuscript, and copied by his pupils. When he obtained type for printing the work, he could find no compositors acquainted with the Hebrew characters, and therefore began the composition with his own hands. His first Hebrew grammar, which was without the diacritical points, was superseded eight years later by his grammar with points, which became the text-book that was generally used in the United States, and was republished in England by Rev. Dr. Edward B. Pusey, regius professor of Hebrew at Oxford. Prof. Stuart was the first to make American- acquainted with the works of Rosenmilller, Ewald, and other German Orientalists, and, by applying their scientific methods of philological and archaological investigation, founded a new school of biblical exegesis. He retired from his prof'c worship on account of advancing age and infirmities. His publications include a " Sermon " on resigning his pastoral charge (1810) and other discourses; " Grammar of the Hebrew Language without Points" (Andover, 1813); "Letters to Rev. William K. Channing, containing Remarks on his Ser-