Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/648

614 Philadelphia, Pa.. 20 Oct.. 1*44. In the following year he returned to Constantinople, and was occu- pied in the duties of his office until 1849. He then ; came back to the United States and offered his j resignation, which was accepted by the house of bishops in October, 1850. He received the degree of S. T. D. from Columbia in 1845, and the same fnini Trinity in 1846. He was elected bishop of California in 1850 and of Hayti in 1870, but de- clined. In 1851 he went to Portland, Me., and or- ganized St. Luke's parish, now the cathedral church of the diocese. The following year he accepted the rectorship of the Church of the Advent. Bos- ton, which he held until the close of 1858. In the autumn of 1859 he became rector of Zion church, New York city, and discharged the duties of that post for thirteen years, resigning in September, 1872. Since that date he had lived in retirement in Ravenswood, N. Y. Bishop Southgate's chief publications are " Narrative of a Tour through Armenia. Kurdistan. Persia, and Mesopotamia " (2 vols.. New York, 1840) ; " Narrative of a Visit to. the Syrian (Jacobite) Church of Mesopotamia" (1844) ; '" A Treatise on the Antiquity, Doctrine, Ministry, and Worship of the Anglican Church," in Greek (Constantinople, 1849) ; " Practical Di- rections for the Observance of Lent " (New York, 1850) ; " The War in the East " (1855) ; " Parochial Sermons" (1859); and ' The Cross above the Cres- cent, a Romance of Constantinople" (Philadelphia, 1^7 7 1. He had also contributed freely to church and other literature in magazines and reviews.

SOUTHWICK, Solomon, journalist, b. in New- port. R,L, 25 Dec., 1773; d. in Albany, N. Y.. 18 Nov.. ls:!!i. II is. father was editor of the Newport ' Mercury." and an active patriot. After engaging in several humble employments the son entered a printing-office in New York city, and in 1792 re- moved to Albany, where he was employed by his brother-in-law. John Barber, the owner of the Al- bany " Register." He soon became Barber's partner, and' on the latter's death in 1808 succeeded to his interest in the paper and became its sole editor. Under his management it attained great influence in the Democratic party. Mr. Southwick held many local offices at this time, including those of sheriff of the county and postmaster of Albany, and in 1812 he became a regent of the state university. But he quarrelled with his party, his journal lost support, and in 1817 it was discon- tinued. In 1819 he established The Ploughboy," the first agricultural paper in the state, conducting it for a time under the pen-name of " Henry Home- spun." and then in his own name. About this period he also conducted the " Christian Visitant," a religious periodical. Subsequently he edited the " National Democrat," in opposition to the views of a majority of his party, and presented himself as a candidate for governor. He was afterward nomi- nated by the anti-Masons for the same office, and conducted for several years the "National Observer," which he had established in the interest of that party. Shortly after this he retired from political life, "and betwe'en 1831 and 1837 delivered courses of lectures on " The Bible," " Temperance," and " Self -Education," which were very popular. For t he last two years of his life he was connected with the " Family Newspaper," which was published by his son Alfred. Just before his death, which came suddenly, he had projected a literary and scientific institute, under his personal supervision, to aid young men in pursuing a course of self-education. Mr. Southwick published many addresses and pamphlets, including "The Pleasures of Poveriv." a poem (Albany, 1823); "A Solemn Warning against Pref-Ma-miry " (1*27): "A Layman's Apology for the Appointment of Clerical Chap- lains"; "Letters to Thomas Herttell," under the pen-name of "Sherlock" (1834); and "Five Lc sons for Young Men" (1837).

SOUTHWORTH, Constant, colonist, b. in Ley- den. Holland, in 1614; d. in Duxbury, Mass., about 1685. His father, Edward, a merchant and business agent for the Leyden Pilgrims, died in 1621, and his mother, a woman of great worth and ability, came over in the third vessel to Plymouth colony in 1623 to become the second wife of Gov. William Bradford, whom she had formerly known. The son was educated by his step-father, and in 1633 was one of the early settlers of Duxbury, which he represented in the legislature, becoming also commissioner for the united colonies, governor of the Kennebec plantation, and assistant governor of Plymouth. He was the supposed author of the supplement to " New England's Memorial," by his cousin, Nathaniel Morton (Cambridge, 1669).' He bequeathed to one of his daughters two beds and furniture, " provided she do not marry William Fobbes ; but if she do, then to have five shillings." The daughter preferred the latter alternative.

SOUTHWORTH, Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevile, author, b. in Washington, D. C., 26 Dec., 1819: d. there, 30 June, 1899. She was educated by her step-father. Joshua L. Ilenshaw, at whose sel I ~he was graduated, and married Frederick H. Southworth, of U/tica. She taught in a public school in Wash-. ington in 1844-'9, and while so occu- pied began to write stories, the first of which, " The Irish Refugee," ap- peared in "The Baltimore Satur- day Visitor." Sub- sequentlyshe wrote for the " National Era," and became one of its regular contributors. In its columns ap- peared her first novel. " Retribu- tion." It original- ly was intended to be a short story, but grew into a long novel, and was afterward issued in book-form (New York, 1849). With unusual rapidity she wrote her succeeding stories, issuing sometimes three in a year, and they have attained great popularity. Her works display strong dramatic power and contain many excellent descriptive passages of southern life and scenery, to which I hey are chieflv devoted. In 1853 she settled in a villa on the Potomac heights, near Washington, where she lived until 1876, when she removed to Yonkers, N. Y. Mrs. Southworth claims to have invented for her own use the manilla box envelope that was afterward patented by others. Her published novels are now (1898) about fifty-six in number. A uniform edition, beginning with "Retribution" and ending with "The Fatal Secret." wa- i^-ned in Philadelphia in 1872. It includes forty-two stories. Since 1874 her stories comprise "Unknown" (1874); "Gloria" i1s77i: "The Trail of the Serpent" (1879); "Nearesl and Dearest " dssl) ; "The Mother's Semi " (1883); and "An Exile's I'.ride " (ISST); and others were issued serially in