Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/548

516 SHORT, Charles, educator. b. in Haverhill, Mass., 28 May, 1821 : d. in New York city, 24 Dec., 1886. He was graduated at Harvard in 1846. From 1847 till 1863 he was classical instructor in Roxbury and Philadelphia, and in the latter year he became president of Kenyon college, Ohio, and professor of moral and intellectual philosophy. In 1868 he was called as professor of Latin to Columbia col- lege, where he remained until his death. In 1S71 Dr. Short was appointed a member of the Ameri- can committee for the revision of the New Testa- mrnt. and subsequently he was secretary of that body. "Dr. Short," says the Rev. Talbot W. Chambers. " was remarkable as a painstaking scholar, who would have contributed more to clas- sica'l literature but for his reluctance to let any- thing pass from his pen till he had exhausted his ,-ibility upon it." He was a member of many learned societies, to which he contributed papers of much originality. He was also a member of the Century club, and a vestryman in St. Thomas's church, New York city, where a tablet has been erected to his memory. He received the degree of LL. D. from Kenyon college in 1868. His works include revisions of Schmitz and Zumpt's "Ad- vanced Latin Exercises " (1860). and Mitchell's new " Ancient Geography " : translations from the Ger- man for Herzog's "Real Encyclopiedia" (I860): the essay -On the Order of Words in Attie-Uivek Prose," prefixed to Yonge's "English-Greek Lexi- con," the most exhaustive treatise that has yet ap- peared on the subject (1870) ; and, with Charlton T. Lewis, a new edition of Andivws's Freund's " Latin Lexicon " (1876). He was also a contribu- tor to various reviews.

SHORT, Charles Wilkins. botanist, b. in Woodford county, Ky., 6 Oct., 1794: d. in Louis- ville. Ky.. 7 March, 1863. He was graduated at Transylvania university in 1810. and at the medi- cal department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1S15, and in 1825 was called to the chair of ma- teria medica and medical botany in Transylvania university. In 1838 he removed to Louisville. Ky.. where he was associated with Dr. Charles Caldwell, Dr. Lunsford P. Yandell, Dr. John Esten C'ooke. and Dr. Daniel Drake in founding the medical department of the University of Louisville, and continued to hold a chair in that institution until 1849, when he retired. He then devoted himself to the collection of plants and flowers, and, with Dr. Robert Peter, and Henry A. Griswold, prepared " Plants of Kentucky." Dr. Short was one of the editors of the " Transylvania Journal of Medicine " in 182s-'3!), and the author of various botanical notices. At his death his vast herbarium, the re- sult of his life-long collections and exchanges, was bequeathed to the Smithsonian institution. It is now in the possession of the Academy of nntiiral seiences in Philadelphia.

SHORT, William, diplomatist, b. in Spring Garden, Va., 30 Sept., 1759; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 5 Dec., 1849. He was educated at William and Mary college, and at an early age was chosen a member of the executive council of Virginia. When Thomas Jefferson was appointed minister to France in 1785, Short accompanied him as secretary of legation, and after his departure was made charge d'affaires on 26 Sept., 1789, his com- mission being the first one that was signed by I Jen. Washington as president, but he was not regularly commissioned till 20 April, 1790. He was tran~- fcrred to the Hague as minister-resident on 16 Jan., 17!i-. <>n in Dei', of the same year he left for Madrid, having been appointed on IS Man h imissioner plenipotentiary with William Car- michael to treat with the Spanish government con- cerning the Florida and Mississippi boundaries, the navigation of the Mississippi, commercial privileges, and other open questions. When Car- michael. who was charge d'affaires, left for home Short was commissioned as minister-resident, 28 May, 1794, with power, as sole commissioner, to conclude the negotiations, which resulted in the treaty of friendship, commerce, and boundaries that was signed on 27 Oct., 1795. He left for Paris three days later, and returned to the United States soon afterward. His state papers, especially those relating to the Spanish negotiations, are marked by ability and research.

SHORTALL, John George, humanitarian. 1>. in Dublin, Ireland, 20 Sept., 1838. He came to the United Slates with his parents when he was alniiit >ix year- of age, and from his thirteenth till his sixteenth year was in the employ of Horace Greeley in the New York " Tribune " office. After working a few weeks on the Chicago " Tribune " he entered upon the business of making record- of abstracts of title to lands in Cook county, 111. His records were so complete and reliable that, with those of other firms, they formed a sufficient basis to e-talili-h tit les of the real estate in Cook county after the destruction of most of the county records in the great fire of 1871. Mr. Shortall did great service in the collection and preservation of his valuable abstracts of title. His services and ma- terial aid in efforts for the elevation of humanity and the prevention of cruelty to animals have made his name revered as one who had done and is doing for Chicago in the way of reform what Henry Bergh and George T. Angell have done for New York and Boston. He is president of the Illinois humane society, and is associated with the National and State humane associations.

SHORTER, James Alexander, A. M. E. bishop, b. in Washington, D. C., 4 Feb., 1817. He is of African descent. After entering the itinerant ministry of the African Methodist Episcopal church in April, 1846, he held a pastorate in Cincinnati. Ohio, in 1863, and organized the women of his church into bands for the relief of the freedmen that Hocked thither. He was elected bishop in 1868, and sent more fully to organize the church in the extreme southwest, Arkansas. Louisiana, and Texas. He was one of the delegates to the Methodist ecumenical council in London, Eng- land, in 1881, and continued his travels into France and Switzerland. As president of the missionary society of his church, he has succeeded in opening the work in Hayti and Africa, whither mi--ionarics have been sent.

'''SHORTER. John Gill,''' governor of Alabama, b. in Jasper county, Ga., in 1818; d. inEufalau, Ala.. 29 May, 1872. He was graduated at the Univer.-ity of Georgia in 1837, and soon afterward began the practice of law in Eufaula, Ala. In 1842 he was ap- pointed state's attorney, and he subsequently was a member of both branches of the legislature, lie was appointed circuit judge in 1852, and continued in this office for nine years. At the beginning of the civil war he was appointed commissioner from Alabama to Georgia, and in ISIil he was a member of the provisional Confederate congress. In t lie same year lie was elected governor of the state, serving till isii:',. He was an active member of the Baptist denomination.

SHOUP, Francis Asbury, soldier, b. in Laurel, [nd.,22 Mareli. |s:U: d. in Columbia, Tenn.. 1 Sept., 1896. He was graduated at the I'. S. military academy in 1S55. and assigned to the artillery, but resigned, 10 Jan., 1860. He was admitted to the bar at